Meredith Paige | The Human
First, a pop loud as gunfire. Then, burning rubber. Then, margaritas, jalapeño
salsa, gossip, chairs scraping far less than six feet apart.
I’ve made the mistake of trying to ride my hundred-dollar,
salvaged-from-old-parts bike up a pothole-ridden Shelby Avenue. My back tire and
tube have fully exploded in front of Cinco de Mayo, a local townie-vibe
restaurant that’s happily shirking a few too many COVID guidelines. The
obnoxious pop of my tire brings people out of their nearby houses, searching for
the source. Guilt floods my throat, but I don’t dare cough.
I begin a slow walk to the nearby bike shop, my broken bike in tow. The tube’s
come loose, wrapping itself around the gears and skidding the back tire to a
halt, splooting right there on the pavement, unmoving. Forcing me to drag it as
it bumps along and slows me down. Like dragging roadkill home to roast.
●
As long as I get into bed before five a.m., I’ve lied to myself every night,
then it’s fine. The infinite scroll and blue light from hours of existing on my
phone have been making me nauseous, but like everyone else, I can’t stop,
because once I’ve stopped, I’ll be alone, awake, in my silly little brain, in my
silly little room, in my silly little house, again, god forbid.
Time passes silently and then loud as gunfire. All of a sudden, October. Time
froze in March but moves effortlessly through me like water carving limestone.
The predictable tides of each day get less and less so. Who cares if the sun is
out? Who cares if I have a “job”? Who cares? It’s five a.m., I’ve been up all
night, get off my back, I have a life to live! Leave me alone while I sit in my
room in the dark, living my life.
The same thing over and over. The smallness of our sequestered little bubbles:
is this it? The hubris—the guilt, the shameless arrogance—of expecting anything
more than mundaneness just because the world out there is on fire. We’re lucky
for that mundaneness; we should be kissing the ground for not buckling
underneath our feet when we get out of bed. We’re lucky to see the sunrise, even
if from the other side of the morning.
●
My bike sounds increasingly like a train screeching to a halt because the
conductor saw someone on the tracks. It sputters and spits and whines as I drag
and drag and man this thing is heavy and then come to an inevitable halt. I try
and lift the back while walking, but either I’m really weak or this bike is
really heavy.
The heaviness. My mind drifts to it, as always. I’ve never been so acutely
aware—painfully so—of all this empty space. The space between what was and what
could be. Of how fragile our future is, how unreal it all can feel…how the past
can feel unpredictable even though it already happened.
We know that isolation messes with time. I had no idea it could mess with space,
too. One of those things you can’t know until you try, I suppose. And like
everything else in our woefully economically striated society (that our dear
leaders do precious little to address), it hits the most vulnerable the hardest.
Leading scientists write it in the November 2020 Lancet editorial bluntly:
> People with salaried jobs are far less likely to be affected [by COVID
disruptions] than those with informal, daily wage jobs, which include a
substantial proportion of the workforce in lower-income countries….Years of
underinvestment in mental health, especially in low-income and middle-income
countries, have left us vulnerable.
As the space between economic silos widens, our mental healthcare gap continues
to crush those at the bottom. And that’s just the macro. The micro is us: you
and me, just individuals, just kids, really, trying to stay afloat one long
isolated day at a time. It doesn’t feel real, but it feels painfully real all at
once. It has to be real, right? Is trauma too aggressive a word? Too
melodramatic? Calm down, I tell myself, fruitlessly. Yale Medicine psychoanalyst
Steven Marans tell us this pandemic is a veritable trauma, in a way—a real
threat we can’t see until it hits us, one with no end in sight. He explains:
> When people feel threatened or their lives are altered in major, unwanted, and
unanticipated ways, communication between the prefrontal cortex (the executive
center of the brain) and the amygdala (the emotional processing center) may be
disrupted. This leads to the production of stress hormones that can cause
distress in the body, as well as the mind.
But you don’t need a doctor to tell you that. It’s in our bones, in our shaky
hands, our heavy mind, that space behind our sinuses that leaks hot gooey air
when we’re panicking. Caked in the jargon or not, it’s real. It’s real, I
promise myself.
Naturally, healthcare workers are hard hit by the COVID psychological toll. A
comprehensive UN policy brief from this past May indicates that a whopping 47%
of Canadian healthcare workers reported a need for psychological support due to
the mental toll of the pandemic. Nearly half! I’m a healthcare worker, I
thought. But I’m not Canadian.
●
There’s space, ever-expanding space in the long present, one that has no end as
long as the future is this uncertain. One that gets longer with each night I
convince myself it’s fine that I stay up until five, six, seven a.m.—because we
all make our own realities these days, right? Has that corner of the living room
always looked so empty? Were fall afternoons always this quiet outside, always
this loud inside my head?
Continuing towards the bike shop, I feel my nose running and the urge to cough
from behind my sweaty surgical mask. Oh god. Oh fuck. Is this….it? Do I have
COVID? Is this really it? Then the urge goes away and I roll my eyes at myself
for being so damn dramatic.
●
These days, doing the daily stuff—ride bike, make coffee, wash sheets,
whatever—it feels like doing the dishes when your kitchen’s on fire. Maybe we
wake up after one p.m. every day, knowing full well that our fragile mental
health is draining like lava out our ears, but pay no mind, because it happens
while we’re sleeping.
“You know your depression and OCD get worse when you go to bed late and wake up
late,” my therapist reminds me. Yeah, yeah. She says, “things are just going to
suck sometimes.” Well why bother? “Because it’s not about measuring the moments
of suckiness versus the ones of joy and making them fight,” she promises. “It’s
about indulging in the latter so much that the former becomes neutral, or you
learn from it, you learn to accept those moments.” I don’t know. Sounds fake.
I know she’s right. Therapy isn’t going to give me the meaning of life or
anything, but my therapist can at least make me feel less alone in navigating
it. Her voice holds smoke from twenty years ago and her questions sometimes hit
me like a turbulent plane at lift-off: “Can you at least try to get curious?
Notice your thoughts. Just notice them—”
“But I ruminate! I perseverate! I analyze! That’s all I do. All I do is think
and that’s why I’m like this,” I complain. I wish my voice held decades of
stories and the inner peace of all this self-work like hers, but instead it
holds a few years of screaming along to emo music and exactly one Black & Mild
from a party in 2011.
“Curiosity is different from obsession, Meredith.” I don’t know how she
maintains composure around my whining. She continues: “Don’t force an
explanation, but get curious about your thoughts. Investigate gently. That’s a
start. But you can’t do it if you’re living on an upside down schedule,
Meredith. You need to get a handle on your sleep.”
The downside of my “schedule,” if you can call it that, is that I get such a
shamefully late start every day—I’m only going to get to the bike shop with a
half hour to spare, if that. I move faster, but not totally sure if I’m heading
in the right direction.
●
As the world “out there” devolved into chaos, we sequestered, which was
necessary, undeniably vital. Simultaneously, we created insular bubbles with
enough energy for two weeks that became two months that’s becoming a year, and
the uncertainty seeps in. The antidote? Staying home and slowing down, while
“out there” is moving blindingly fast. We watch our “leaders” fumble in the dark
and reject basic science in a dizzying display of incompetence; we realize it’s
truly up to us, so we want to do something, but there’s nothing we can do except
stay home.
In fact, I begin to wish I were at home instead of dragging my corpse of a
bicycle through East Nashville’s unforgivingly rough pavement, passing historic
site after historic site scrapped for mid-rise blocky apartments made of
cardboard. I feel like I’m going in circles. Maybe I really am crazy; maybe it’s
all a mirage.
●
The Kaiser Family Foundation indicates that over half of Americans reported
being negatively psychologically impacted by COVID by July—and now it’s fall.
Circles and more circles. The CDC has their list of hard-and-fast
mental-health-during-COVID resources, the WHO has theirs, and it may be worth
casting cynicism aside for a goddamn millisecond to just take it in, I plead
with my nihilism: Reach out to people. Make a routine, no matter how simple. Get
sleep, not too much or too little. Find the tiniest thing that brings you joy,
no matter how minuscule, and do it over and over, no matter how many circles you
feel like you’re running in. It won’t cure you, or maybe it will, but it’s about
staying afloat.
Maybe—maybe—it’s about accepting that the only certainty is uncertainty? Easier
said than done. And when even the mundane things start to seem alien, when our
little sequestered realities get more and more dissociated from the “out there”
reality, sometimes you just need something to reassure you that all of it is
real, as real as the Tennessee summer pavement can fry an egg.
●
I could have sworn the bike shop was on the corner of 19th and Shelby. But it’s
not. I keep dragging. My phone is dead, whatever. I’ll find the shop eventually.
I swear people are staring at me from their backyards because this broken bike
is so loud.
When quarantine itself gets gentrified by the white Instagram yogis, you realize
everyone around you is being “productive,” and what does that even mean when the
world is ending? Why do I have to produce? You expect me to produce on top of
existing? Oh no, I’m not cut out for this.
The need to be “productive,” whatever that means, used to loom over me daily.
The more I’ve dissected the word, the more I’ve realized we’re victims to it
rather than loyal followers—the more I’ve realized it doesn’t really mean
anything at all. All bite, no teeth.
But the urge is still real. You pray if you’re the praying type, and wish you
were if you’re not. (I’m not.) So you bike. You ride your damn bike, bake your
damn bread, make your damn coffee, or get around to it eventually, because the
hours blend together and time is flat now, or maybe it always was and we’re just
now finding out.
There’s a word for this, right? Ennui? No, that’s not it. That’s too
pretentious, too French. Sonder? That thing where you realize you’re just an
extra in the movie of everyone else’s lives? No, not quite. Something like that
though. Something we can’t put our fingers on because by the time we do it’s
floated away.
Dragging my bike—the burning rubber about to set on fire, I swear—I pass a bunch
of dying sunflowers in this older guy’s front yard. I used to bike past this
guy’s house all the time, but I guess I changed my route. I thought those
flowers would never die, and here they are, dying all along. Each one at least
ten feet tall. Brilliant stalks with wilting bits of yellow on top—
“You okay?” the guy asks from his yard. I hadn’t even noticed he was there. He
has this leathery smile. He’s wearing the longest khaki shorts on earth and a
grey University of Michigan t-shirt so faded that you can barely make out the
lettering. I think it says “Where’s the Michigan party?” and “Class of ‘78”
below the logo.
“Oh, yeah! My back tire just exploded,” I reply.
“You need a tube?”
“Probably, and a new tire, and my gears are kinda shot—so don’t worry! I’m going
to the shop over there now,” I explain, gesturing down the street.
“Okay then! Have a good one!”
“You too!”
Even if he has the gear, I don’t want to waste his time.
●
These days, it feels more apt to measure time in things missed. On Rosh Hashanah
this year, I stayed home, not wanting to risk travel. I swear, my house that
day—nearly a thousand miles away from my grandma’s—smelled a lot like her kugel.
I swear I could feel the heat of the candles. I swear I could hear my dad, who
suddenly gets comically religious twice a year, chanting in Hebrew like a Hasid
in Williamsburg. I swear I could hear the TV playing NBC’s Dateline in the
background, a staple at my grandparents’. I swear, nothing feels real these
days, and I find myself questioning if any of it ever existed because the “old
normal” feels so alien. Sometimes an absence is more potent than a presence.
There’s the “out there” chaos, then the buffer that is our quarantine worlds,
and then the “inner chaos”—the one that thrives in isolation, in abstraction
from what’s “out there.” Those two chaoses used to be more aligned, I think,
when I wasn’t so abstracted from the “out there.” Now, I’m not so sure. There’s
comfort in that in-between space, hominess in the buffer. Like driving on the
highway towards mountains that never seem to materialize, they just keep moving,
one step ahead.
God, it feels like the more steps I take towards the bike shop, the farther I
get. I’m just about ready to dump this thing on the street and walk home. Maybe
Michigan guy will find it, take it under his wing, plant it in his yard, nurture
it better than I could, let it grow like his flowers.
I pause and actually consider this. Instead, I keep walking (dragging).
●
This space between the past and the future seemingly keeps growing. Meanwhile,
I’m stuck on this unending road with a broken bike, the past looming back there,
the future impossibly unreachable, because I’m stuck here, in the long present,
the never-ending space between what was and what could be, choosing to despair
in it, saying wait, so this….this everyday stuff….this is it?
Fine: maybe this is it. Or maybe…this is it, and we should revel in it, because
we get the privilege of getting intimate with something ephemeral. I’d never
seen slowness up close, mundaneness under a microscope. Like seeing a butterfly
too close and realizing it’s just a bug. But—and bear with me here—maybe the
more you look at that bug, you can find beauty in it? And if not, well, that’s
fine—the bug, it just exists. And that’s enough. Maybe it’s kind of freeing,
realizing that that’s enough. Step by baby step over the torn-up pavement, we
truly do have the agency to decide what we make of things—isn’t that wild? No
need to make something out of nothing, after all. We don’t have to be alchemists
here.
●
Finally! The beautiful bike shop materializes around the corner. It’s on 15th,
not 19th. Oh thank god, Janet is working today. She’s the sweetest. I can sense
her smile from behind her mask—one of those smiles that emanate warmth and
safety—and feel immediately guilty for arriving so close to the shop’s closing
time.
“Janet! Hi! Thank god. Oh—sorry, are you available right now? No worries if not.
But check out my back tire and tube! Completely busted. I have no idea what
happened. Maybe I overfilled it,” I say, exasperated, sweating through my mask.
“Oh no! Yeah, no worries, we’re slow today, so I’ll take care of that right
now,” Janet says, angel of angels, taking the raggedy pile of metal trash off my
hands.
I try not to smile too big with my mask on because I hate the feeling of my lips
and teeth touching the inside of my mask—that can’t be safe, right?—but just
now, in this little frivolous moment inside this long, never-ending present, I
can’t help it.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you are struggling with your mental health during COVID-19, here
[https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/find-help/index.shtml] is a comprehensive list
of resources provided by the National Institute of Mental Health. First, a pop loud as gunfire. Then, burning rubber. Then, margaritas, jalapeño
salsa, gossip, chairs scraping far less than six feet apart.
I’ve made the mistake of trying to ride my hundred-dollar,
salvaged-from-old-parts bike up a pothole-ridden Shelby Avenue. My back tire and
tube have fully exploded in front of Cinco de Mayo, a local townie-vibe
restaurant that’s happily shirking a few too many COVID guidelines. The
obnoxious pop of my tire brings people out of their nearby houses, searching for
the source. Guilt floods my throat, but I don’t dare cough.
I begin a slow walk to the nearby bike shop, my broken bike in tow. The tube’s
come loose, wrapping itself around the gears and skidding the back tire to a
halt, splooting right there on the pavement, unmoving. Forcing me to drag it as
it bumps along and slows me down. Like dragging roadkill home to roast.
●
As long as I get into bed before five a.m., I’ve lied to myself every night,
then it’s fine. The infinite scroll and blue light from hours of existing on my
phone have been making me nauseous, but like everyone else, I can’t stop,
because once I’ve stopped, I’ll be alone, awake, in my silly little brain, in my
silly little room, in my silly little house, again, god forbid.
Time passes silently and then loud as gunfire. All of a sudden, October. Time
froze in March but moves effortlessly through me like water carving limestone.
The predictable tides of each day get less and less so. Who cares if the sun is
out? Who cares if I have a “job”? Who cares? It’s five a.m., I’ve been up all
night, get off my back, I have a life to live! Leave me alone while I sit in my
room in the dark, living my life.
The same thing over and over. The smallness of our sequestered little bubbles:
is this it? The hubris—the guilt, the shameless arrogance—of expecting anything
more than mundaneness just because the world out there is on fire. We’re lucky
for that mundaneness; we should be kissing the ground for not buckling
Vibhu Krishna | The Plain
The text scrawled into this piece reads "many things are so uncertain all at
once so i imagine lotuses growing like vines all over my field of vision & field
of anxiety but padmasana is not coming easily because of the aforementioned
quantities of variables so i drew this instead—an anxiety-filled rendition
meditation created in one sitting on bristol paper w/my favorite 005 micron pen
& my barely-coping roommate's old tupperware lid to trace the circle after
reading & re-reading "fieldnotes from the in between" by my very dear friend
lisa (drawn somehow all in one sitting) & did you know we have matching
cartilage piercings? & aren't the neurotic scratch-like pen marks just a bit
harrowing? one of my uglier works!i miss my friends & space but keep hope &
art." Then I super-imposed the drawing onto a moon and gave it light and space,
thank goodness.
Details: micron ink on bristol, digital manipulation, 12"x12"The text scrawled into this piece reads "many things are so uncertain all at
once so i imagine lotuses growing like vines all over my field of vision & field
of anxiety but padmasana is not coming easily because of the aforementioned
quantities of variables so i drew this instead—an anxiety-filled rendition
meditation created in one sitting on bristol paper w/my favorite 005 micron pen
& my barely-coping roommate's old tupperware lid to trace the circle after
reading & re-reading "fieldnotes from the in between" by my very dear friend
lisa (drawn somehow all in one sitting) & did you know we have matching
cartilage piercings? & aren't the neurotic scratch-like pen marks just a bit
harrowing? one of my uglier works!i miss my friends & space but keep hope &
art." Then I super-imposed the drawing onto a moon and gave it light and space,
thank goodness.
Details: micron ink on bristol, digital manipulation, 12"x12"Edensky E. Lormeus | The Necessary
The Ship of Theseus is a thought experiment that questions whether an object
that has had all of its pieces replaced remains fundamentally the same object. A
king in Greek mythology and founder-hero of Athens, Theseus fought many naval
battles. Athenians replaced the rotted oars of his ship over centuries to
preserve it as a memorial. Plutarch made the puzzle famous in his Life of
Theseus from the late first century. Other philosophers, including Plato,
Heraclitus, Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke have also investigated the paradox.The Ship of Theseus is a thought experiment that questions whether an object
that has had all of its pieces replaced remains fundamentally the same object. A
king in Greek mythology and founder-hero of Athens, Theseus fought many naval
battles. Athenians replaced the rotted oars of his ship over centuries to
preserve it as a memorial. Plutarch made the puzzle famous in his Life of
Theseus from the late first century. Other philosophers, including Plato,
Heraclitus, Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke have also investigated the paradox.Nissim Lebovits | The Human
By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat, sat and wept, as we thought of Zion.
There on the poplars we hung up our lyres, for our captors asked us there for
songs, our tormentors, for amusement, “Sing us one of the songs of Zion.” How
can we sing a song of the Lord in a strange land? ―Psalm 137
In 1923, a thirty-one year old Peruvian named César Vallejo boarded a passenger
ship in Lima and set sail for Paris, France. Within fifty years, he would be
widely recognized as one of the most original and important poets to write in
the twentieth century. At that moment, though, despite the success of his first
two books―The Black Heralds in 1919 and Trilce in 1922―he was in the midst of a
profound personal crisis. In the five preceding years, his mother, brother, and
sister had died; he had lost a prestigious teaching post after refusing to marry
a woman with whom he had been having an affair; and his involvement in leftist
politics had led to his unjust incarceration for four months, ending only in a
temporary release. Deeply unhappy, and fearful of being reimprisoned, Vallejo
departed.
●
Now is a time ripe for thoughts of exile. Even before the pandemic, the world’s
population of displaced people was at an all-time high of 79 million people.
More than 1% of all humans alive today, are either refugees, internally
displaced, or seeking asylum. That’s a population larger than all but
twenty-three countries—and is expected to quadruple by the year 2050.
Yet exile is not a concern common to Americans. We frame our country as a place
of refuge—“Give me your tired, your poor, / your huddled masses yearning to
breathe free,” reads the poem inscribed at the foot of the Statue of Liberty—not
from which the persecuted flee. Nor are we confronted by closed doors when we
depart. When living abroad we are always expats, never refugees. Especially as
travelers, our passports and national wealth have conferred upon us a sense of
immunity; borders opened easily for Americans. But the political changes wrought
worldwide in the last five years, culminating in the ongoing crisis of COVID-19,
have made us newly aware of the precarity of our situation. With most
international borders still closed to American travelers nearly a year after the
onset of the pandemic, we are reminded that, even in the age of globalization,
there is sometimes no going home.
●
Vallejo was not the only Peruvian to flee his country in the early twentieth
century. In those years, Peru vacillated between political and economic
advances, and entrenched classism, racism, and imperialism. The government was
dominated by the aristocracy, which frequently expressed violent opposition to
left-wing political movements. The regime of Augusto Leguía, who held power for
eleven years after launching a coup in 1919, was responsible for Vallejo’s
departure, as well as the effective banishment of José Carlos Mariátegui and
Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre, both friends of Vallejo’s and founders of the
Peruvian Communist Party and the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance,
respectively. While Vallejo, Mariátegui, and Haya de la Torre are recognized
today as defining voices of Peru’s literary and political culture, they faced in
their own time the threat of censorship, imprisonment, or worse if they stayed
in the country.
●
Almost from the moment of his departure, Vallejo began to write new poems.
Before his flight from Peru, his poetry had moved increasingly in the direction
of the obscure. The Black Heralds was loosely rooted in the formal innovation,
aesthetic concerns, and national pride of the Latin American literary movement
known as modernismo, while Trilce was deemed impenetrable by many of Vallejo’s
peers because of its use of slang, neologisms, and typographic manipulation.
These new verses, however, took a different direction, addressing themselves
largely to Vallejo’s political, social, and personal concerns. When they were
finally published by Vallejo’s widow in 1939, a year after the poet’s death,
they served as the record of his exile.
●
The exiled poet is something of a literary trope. There is Ovid, the iconic
Roman poet banished in 8 CE by the Emperor Augustus. Dante, too, the author of
the Divine Comedy, was barred from his native Florence in 1302 CE for opposing
the ruling regime, while Du Fu, among the greatest of the classical Chinese
poets, was exiled in the late eighth century CE in the aftermath of a
devastating rebellion.
The twentieth century in particular is strewn with poets of exile, uprooted by
the massive physical and ideological violence of that age. Many of the era’s
defining poets, such as the Nobel laureates Joseph Brodsky, Czesław Miłosz, and
Juan Ramón Jiménez, were forced to flee their native soil in order to escape
totalitarian regimes. Thus the literary critic George Steiner once argued that
much of twentieth-century literature could be termed “extraterritorial.” “It
seems proper,” he said, “that those who create art in a civilization of
quasi-barbarism, which has made so many homeless, should themselves be poets
unhoused and wanderers across language.”
Under these terms, the exiled poet takes on epic scope; displacement is not
merely a means of artistic inspiration but of deep insight into the human
condition. The poet in exile is transformed into a prophetic figure through whom
the essential experience of the twentieth century is channeled, ordered, and
given meaning. Exile, then, becomes a necessary prerequisite to revelation, and
is transformed; in the hands of Steiner’s “poets unhoused,” exile is justified.
But then, literary displacement comes in many forms, not all of which are equal.
Though Walt Whitman wandered through nineteenth century America, he did so by
choice. Poor though he may have been, none would call his experience one of
exile. The departure of T.S. Eliot from Massachusetts to London stemmed from his
affinity for English culture, not from an existential threat to his safety, and
his friend Ezra Pound repeatedly chose to live in Italy because of its
hospitality toward his fascist inclinations. In general, the voluntary
relocations of literary expats must not be confused with the violence of
banishment.
Paradoxically, even the archetypal literary exile itself is misleading. The
Exiled Author is, after all, a figure whose stature grants him some exemption
from the defining experiences of exile; he is known, recognized, accommodated.
When Nabokov, Brodsky, and Miłosz arrived in the US after fleeing their
countries, they were granted university teaching positions at elite
institutions, funding, access to wide social networks, and institutional support
for their artistic work. To be a literary exile, then, is to be in many ways
protected from core experiences of exile itself. As the Palestinian cultural
critic Edward Said noted in his essay “Reflections on Exile”:
> [T]o concentrate on exile as a contemporary political punishment, you must
therefore map territories of experience beyond those mapped by the literature of
exile itself. You must first set aside Joyce and Nabokov and think instead of
the uncountable masses for whom UN agencies have been created. You must think of
the refugee-peasants with no prospect of ever returning home, armed only with a
ration card and an agency number. Paris may be a capital famous for cosmopolitan
exiles, but it is also a city where unknown men and women have spent years of
miserable loneliness: Vietnamese, Algerians, Cambodians, Lebanese, Senegalese,
Peruvians.
●
At no point in Human Poems did Vallejo ever call himself an exile. He insisted,
in fact, on the opposite. His poetry spoke of a “periplo”—Spanish for a voyage,
journey, or even odyssey—and repeatedly insisted on his eventual return to Peru.
In one poem likely dating some five years after his departure, Vallejo wrote:
> Until the day that I return, pursuing,
with the frank rectitude of an embittered cripple,
from well to well, my journey, I understand
that man must be good, nonetheless.
Though conceding that he had been delayed and disheartened, Vallejo consciously
framed his absence from Peru as temporary; though he sojourned in Europe by
necessity, he was determined to return home.
Yet, isn’t that the heart of exile—the insistence that it’s impermanent? Exile
is circular, not linear; it implies that the point of arrival is the same as the
point of departure. The moment that one accepts that they are not returning
home—not they, nor their children, nor their children’s children—it ceases to be
exile at all.
●
A brief survey of the years of Vallejo’s exile: after arriving in France in
1923, he remained unemployed until 1925. In 1927, he learned that a warrant had
been issued in Peru for his arrest, precluding the possibility of his imminent
return. After beginning to study Marxist theory in 1928, he traveled to the
USSR, returning to Paris to help establish what would become the Peruvian
Communist Party. By 1930, his efforts attracted the attention of the Parisian
police, and he was expelled from France as a Communist agitator, fleeing to
Madrid. A year later, he attempted to return to Paris but was again forced out
by the police in 1933. He spent the next three years traveling and attempting to
evade arrest. Finally, when the Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936, Vallejo
returned to Spain to join the anti-fascist cause. He exerted tremendous effort
there in the production of pro-Republican literature, namely the other
posthumously published book of his poems, Spain, Take This Chalice From Me. In
early 1938, however, having lived the previous fifteen years in poor health,
political insecurity, and economic desperation, Vallejo fell gravely ill. On
April 15th, the day that Franco’s fascist armies effectively secured their
victory, Vallejo died, his work largely unknown.
●
However brutal the initial displacement may be, exile only begins there. Even
for the refugee who finds asylum, the trauma of exile is every day endured anew
in the constant reminders of displacement. It is not only in the recollection of
the violence of departure, but in the daily indignities and discomforts of
existing in a strange landscape and a strange culture against one’s will. As
Vallejo described it in one poem, “my accent [hung] from my shoe…[like] a bad
shadow.” For a person dispossessed of their homeland, the voice itself evinces
loss. In this sense, exile is like language. No matter how well one learns a
foreign tongue, it remains inevitably, interminably foreign. The world in exile
becomes a metaphor, always compared to what once was but is no longer. So it was
for Vallejo, who saw exile as the defining feature of his life, the lens through
which all else was understood. On this, he wrote:
> Something identifies you with that which grows far from you, and it is the
common faculty of returning: from there is your greatest burden.
Something separates you from that which stays with you, and it is the common
slavery of departing: from there your most triffling joys.
…
To grow far! To stay! To return! To depart! The whole social mechanic fits in
these words.
●
Paris in the 1920s was home to some of the century’s greatest literary and
artistic figures. The neighborhood called the Montparnasse Quarter was
especially well-known as an artistic hub; in addition to Eliot, Pound, and
Joyce, it also welcomed Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and a whole host
of other renowned figures in the arts. The city attracted primarily struggling
artists, but the upper echelons of their ranks were no strangers to material
comfort—the ennui-inducing excess captured in Hemingway’s novel The Sun Also
Rises was based on his own life.
Vallejo’s experience could not have been more at odds with either the literary
success of these characters, or their financial security. While Hemingway was
getting riotously drunk with Joyce (they were reportedly regular drinking
companions), Vallejo was writing “Today I suffer, come what may. Today I suffer
alone.” While wealthy American socialites like Peggy Guggenheim were financing
the careers of William Faulkner and D.H. Lawrence, among others, Vallejo felt
himself an animal—and “it elude[d] this animal to be happy, to breathe / and
transform himself, and to have money.” And while Fitzgerald and his wife were
earning a reputation as hedonistic celebrities, Vallejo was writing in despair,
> Misery pulls me out through my own teeth.
...
A bit of bread, is there not even this for me now?
…
my shirt
is very torn and dirty
and I have nothing, this is horrendous.
●
For the litterateurs of Montparnasse, as for Steiner’s archetypal poet in exile,
banishment was not so much the subject of art as the means to its production.
Yet in taking poetry as the fruit of exile, this view equates such violent
displacement with simple monkish removal. It fails, in other words, to recognize
that writing, however profound, is not always a product of exile; sometimes, it
is the only feasible refuge.
The German philosopher Theodore Adorno describes this phenomenon in his
autobiography, Minima Moralia. One of numerous exiles who fled Germany for the
United States during the Second World War, Adorno understood the violence of
expulsion. He believed that, in the wake of the war, the home as a physical
entity was gone. Instead, it could only be replaced with language:
> In his text, the writer sets up house. Just as he trundles papers, books,
pencils, documents untidily from room to room, he creates the same disorder in
his thoughts. They become pieces of furniture that he sinks into, content or
irritable. He strokes them affectionately, wears them out, mixes them up,
re-arranges, ruins them. For a man who no longer has a homeland, writing becomes
a place to live.
This description is essential to understanding Vallejo’s experience of exile.
The sheer brutality of what he lived through precluded any possibility of a
meaningful, literary exile. His was the anonymous banishment described by Said,
not Steiner’s exile of the Author. To Vallejo, displacement was not a means to
language, but language a means to refuge. Thus in an early piece from Human
Poems, he sought to symbolically rebuild his family’s home in Santiago de Chuco:
> —No one lives in the house anymore —you tell me—; everyone has left. The living
room, the bedroom, the patio, lie depopulated. No one remains anymore, and as
such, everyone has left.
And I say to you: When someone leaves, someone remains. The point through which
a man has passed is no longer alone. The only space uniquely alone, of a human
kind of loneliness, is the place through which no man has passed.
...
That which remains in the house is the organ, the agent in gerund and in circle.
The footprints have left, the kisses, the pardons, the crimes. That which
persists in the house is the foot, the lips, the eyes, the heart. Negations and
affirmations, good and evil, have dispersed. That which persists in the house,
is the subject of the act.
Like Adorno, Vallejo could only reconstitute his home through language. It was
not just that his exile did not produce language—his language aimed to nullify
exile itself.
●
But what if exile provokes more silence than speech? As Ovid wrote of his own
situation, “Do you think poetry, and not mourning, should claim / a man exiled
alone to the distant land of the Getae?”
Throughout Human Poems, Vallejo agonized over his inability to produce poetry
while in exile. “I want to write,” he declared in one poem, “but foam comes
out.” It is hard to read this as a literal admission of creative
impotence—Vallejo wrote five plays, three novels, and two works of journalistic
nonfiction during his fifteen years of exile, as well as numerous essays and
short stories. More probably he was distressed by his failure to find publishers
for most of these works, and perhaps also by the markedly lower quality of his
prose compared to his verse. In short, it was his inability to express what he
wanted to despite his copious writings. The emptiness of his writings choked
him. In one verse, he wrote that he had heated the very “ink in which I am
drowning.” His incapacity to make his speech audible, to construct a language
sufficient to be his home, haunted him. His mouth was, he wrote, “the oral organ
of my silence.”
Unlike Ovid, though, Vallejo’s silence was not prompted only by geographic
displacement. Born in the wake of Darwin, Nietzsche, Marx, and Freud, Vallejo
came of age during a global transition of values and knowledge so complete that
it swept away even the Divine itself. While no one living at this time could
escape the reach of these changes, Vallejo was especially shaken by them. His
upbringing had been deeply Catholic, as both his grandfathers were Spanish
priests. But already by the release of The Black Heralds in 1919, Vallejo had
evidently abandoned any allegiance to the faith. The collection repeatedly
satirized Christian beliefs, often in a viciously bitter tone in lines like
“blows like the hatred of God,” or “some revered faith that Destiny blasphemes,”
or “I was born on a day / when God was ill.” Worse, this faith was replaced by a
state of despondency over the implications of Darwinism. In “The Soul that
Suffered from Being a Body,” Vallejo declared:
> You know what hurts you,
what leaps upon you,
what descends through you with a noose to the floor.
You, poor man, are living; don’t deny it,
…
You suffer, you endure, and you return to suffer horribly,
disgraced ape,
little boy of Darwin,
constable who peeks at me, atrocious microbe.
His faith gone, Vallejo was left only with a palpable awareness of the
insurmountable disjuncture between the dubious aspirations of the soul and the
meanness of the material body.
Of all the transformative theorists of the nineteenth century, only Marx gave
Vallejo something positive into which he could throw himself. Vallejo, always
concerned with the struggle of the poor, the working class, and the indigenous
people of Peru, saw in Marxism a path toward a more just world. But in spite of
his membership first in the Peruvian Community Party and then in the Spanish
Communist Party, even Marxism was not a perfect refuge for Vallejo. Though
enamored of the Soviet Union, he was neither dogmatic nor unquestioning. He
authored one poem, for instance, titled “A Bit of Calm, Comrade,” in which he
sarcastically critiqued Stalin’s excesses after hearing news of a series of
Soviet-perpetrated massacres (ultimately, Vallejo did not denounce the “man of
steel”). Similarly, he was skeptical of Peruvian nationalism, the other
political ideology to which he professed some allegiance. Some of the best poems
from The Black Heralds had employed more uncritically romantic depictions of
Peru before the Spanish conquest. But by the time of Human Poems, Vallejo was
writing serious critiques of Peru’s social landscape and would not countenance
such simplistic conceptions. (In one poem satirizing these depictions, he
addressed the Peruvian national bird: “Condors? Screw the condors!”)
For those in exile from their homes, doctrine offers its own kind of refuge.
After the ancient Jews’ expulsion from the Holy Land by the Romans, the rabbis
codified the Law, cultivating a nascent ideological system that served as the
Jewish homeland-in-exile for the next two millenia. More recently,
nationalism—combining language, culture, religion, politics and history—has been
the most potent locus of this impulse. As Said explained,
> Nationalism is an assertion of belonging in and to a place, a people, a
heritage. It affirms the home created by a community of language, culture, and
customs; and, by so doing, it fends off exile, fights to prevent its ravages.
…
[B]eyond the frontier between “us” and the “outsiders” is the perilous territory
of not-belonging: this is to where in a primitive time peoples were banished,
and where in the modern era immense aggregates of humanity loiter as refugees
and displaced persons. Nationalisms are about groups, but in a very acute sense
exile is a solitude experienced outside the group: the deprivations felt at not
being with others in the communal habitation. How, then, does one surmount the
loneliness of exile without falling into the encompassing and thumping language
of national pride, collective sentiments, group passions?
This, then, was the crisis with which Vallejo dealt. He was detached from both
the land and the beliefs of his homeland, and could not commit to replacements.
In the violent intellectual aftermath of the nineteenth century, he found
himself twice the exile, cast out from both his Andean home and the doctrines of
old.
●
Vallejo was not alone in his feelings of alienation from what had come before.
The literary world of the West and its periphery was by the early twentieth
century convinced that a radical break with the past had occurred, and that the
old ways of thinking were no longer adequate. By 1918, the French poet Guillaume
Apollinaire had, in a manifesto that represented the widespread sentiment of his
peers, pronounced the old languages dead. “Oh, mouths,” he wrote, “man is in
search of a new language!” Ezra Pound put it even more plainly in 1934,
declaring only “Make it new!” This impulse, broadly termed artistic modernism,
proliferated in literature, the visual arts, music, and other media. It became
the dominant aesthetic of the first half of the century, including in
Spanish-language poetry, where writers such as Pablo Neruda, Federico García
Lorca, and Jorge Luis Borges embraced it at various points in their careers.
Though the specifics of individual doctrines varied, a general consensus
remained: out of death, something new was emerging. The Irish poet William
Butler Yeats captured this insistence clearly in his famous 1919 poem “The
Second Coming”:
> Surely some revelation is at hand;
Surely the Second Coming is at hand.
...
And what rough beast, its hour come round at last,
Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?
But while Vallejo is typically cast as the preeminent Latin American modernist,
he differed from his peers in one essential way: he was convinced not of birth,
but of death.
Death was a constant theme in Vallejo’s poetry; the title of his first book
refers to a line from its first poem, in which Vallejo invoked “the black
heralds sent us by Death.” Likewise, the best-known of the Human Poems, the
prescient “Black Stone on a White Stone” (the title refers to the image of
Vallejo’s body lying on a crypt), correctly predicted that Vallejo would die “on
a rainy day in Paris … a Thursday, it will be.” But the obsession with death
that permeates Human Poems extends beyond prognostications. Vallejo was
concerned not just with his own mortality, but with death as a defining presence
in human life. If Marx sought to reveal class relations as underlying all of
life, and Freud the ego and sex drive, Vallejo was convinced of the omnipresence
of death. Modern man was not, he believed, entering a new era but inevitably
approaching a death.
Vallejo saw nothing positive in this death. In the first section of Human Poems
he wrote “it is not pleasant to die, sir, if one leaves nothing behind in life,
and if nothing is possible in death save what one has managed to leave behind in
life!” Neither did Vallejo envision death as a terminus. What mattered was not
the event of death but its everpresent encroachment upon life. To be human,
Vallejo believed, was “To have been born in order to live in our death!” while
time “marches barefoot / from death toward death.”
Although Vallejo accepted the modernist claim that there had been a death
(“Everyone has died”, he claimed in a poem recalling his lost Peruvian past), he
was not convinced that the dying was over. He believed, as his contemporary
Antonio Gramsci, an Italian Marxist, wrote, that “The crisis consists precisely
in the fact that the old is dying and the new cannot be born.” Nor was this
death fruitful, as many modernists thought. In “Sermon on Death”, Vallejo
lamented:
> It’s for this, that we die so much?
Just in order to die,
we have to die at every instant?
It was a senseless death, and this death, like exile, dominated Vallejo’s
language. “In sum,” he wrote, “I possess nothing to express my life, other than
my death.”
This, finally, was Vallejo’s concern with modernism’s “new language”: he doubted
its very efficacy as a refuge. “And if after so many words / the word does not
survive!”, he wrote despondently, “It would be better, in truth, / that
everything were eaten up and we were finished!” How could language redeem the
poet if his own words shared his mortal fate? What good was language in the face
of humankind’s mortal, corporeal suffering? From this anguish sprung the finest
of the Human Poems:
> A man passes by with a loaf on his shoulder
Am I going to write, after that, about my double?
Another sits down, scratches himself, pulls a louse from his armpit, kills it
With what worth can one speak of psychoanalysis?
Another has entered my chest with a stick in his hand
To speak, then, about Socrates to the doctor?
A cripple passes by, giving his arm to a child
I’m going to read André Breton after that?
Another is trembling of cold, coughing, spitting blood
Is it ever fit to allude to the profound I?
Another looks through the sludge for bones, rinds
How can one write, after that, about the infinite?
A bricklayer falls from a roof, dies, and no longer eats
To innovate, then, in trope, in metaphor?
A merchant robs his client of a gram of weight
To speak, after that, of a fourth dimension?
A banker falsifies his balance
With what face can one cry in the theatre?
An outcast sleeps with his foot to his back
To speak, after that, to no one of Picasso?
Someone is sobbing at a funeral
How, then, to enter the Academy?
Someone is cleaning a rifle in his kitchen
With what worth to speak of the beyond?
Someone passes by counting on his fingers
How can one speak of the non-self without screaming?
Vallejo thus rejected the innovations of modernism: out with Freud’s theories of
sublimation, out with Breton’s surrealist poetry, out with Picasso’s cubist
painting, out with all contrivance—how can one speak of these things, he asked,
when suffering, exile, and death are ubiquitous? While his peers prematurely
sought to fashion new worlds, Vallejo struggled to surmount this paradox of
exile and refuge, life and death, language and silence. “From so much thinking,”
he despaired, “I have no mouth.”
●
Yet Vallejo wrote. In spite of the personal agony, in spite of the paradoxes of
language, exile, and death, he continued to create poetry. From a place of
profound insecurity he offered a voice, not as the literary exile proffering
answers, but as the anonymous, too-human exile, anxious and scared. Unlike his
modernist peers, Vallejo’s key contribution was his admission that he had not
found an adequate language. He did not merely insist that the old was dead and
then offer a labored system to replace it. Instead, he took it upon himself to
search unflinchingly for a sufficient language, no matter how futile that effort
may have been. He found his voice in the contradictions of exile and death, and
in his effort to make silence speak. And though his poetry proposed no answers,
it insisted on the necessity of hope. As he wrote in the final poem of Spain,
Take This Chalice From Me, composed along with the last of the Human Poems as
the defeat of Spain’s freedom fighters appeared imminent and Vallejo’s health
failed:
> [I]f Mother
Spain falls —I mean, so to speak—
go out, children of the world; go and look for her!...
Ever the exile, Vallejo never gave up on the conviction that one day he would
return home, physically, ideologically, spiritually—and that if his old home was
lost forever, he would find a way to build a new one.
All translations of Vallejo cited in this piece are my own. For Vallejo’s
complete poetry in English, see Clayton Eshleman’s César Vallejo, The Complete
Poetry: A Bilingual Edition. By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat, sat and wept, as we thought of Zion.
There on the poplars we hung up our lyres, for our captors asked us there for
songs, our tormentors, for amusement, “Sing us one of the songs of Zion.” How
can we sing a song of the Lord in a strange land? ―Psalm 137
In 1923, a thirty-one year old Peruvian named César Vallejo boarded a passenger
ship in Lima and set sail for Paris, France. Within fifty years, he would be
widely recognized as one of the most original and important poets to write in
the twentieth century. At that moment, though, despite the success of his first
two books―The Black Heralds in 1919 and Trilce in 1922―he was in the midst of a
profound personal crisis. In the five preceding years, his mother, brother, and
sister had died; he had lost a prestigious teaching post after refusing to marry
a woman with whom he had been having an affair; and his involvement in leftist
politics had led to his unjust incarceration for four months, ending only in a
temporary release. Deeply unhappy, and fearful of being reimprisoned, Vallejo
departed.
●
Now is a time ripe for thoughts of exile. Even before the pandemic, the world’s
population of displaced people was at an all-time high of 79 million people.
More than 1% of all humans alive today, are either refugees, internally
displaced, or seeking asylum. That’s a population larger than all but
twenty-three countries—and is expected to quadruple by the year 2050.
Yet exile is not a concern common to Americans. We frame our country as a place
of refuge—“Give me your tired, your poor, / your huddled masses yearning to
breathe free,” reads the poem inscribed at the foot of the Statue of Liberty—not
from which the persecuted flee. Nor are we confronted by closed doors when we
depart. When living abroad we are always expats, never refugees. Especially as
travelers, our passports and national wealth have conferred upon us a sense of
immunity; borders opened easily for Americans. ButAnkita Satpathy | The Necessary
Religious holidays were some of my favorite days growing up. Hindu holidays in
the U.S. didn’t result in days off of school, but they were all accompanied by
rich traditions. We’d make elaborate chalk drawings outside to welcome good
fortune into our home, or play on the swings to celebrate spring’s arrival, and
there were always sweets involved. I was raised with religion in the background
of my life, but the focus was on culture over strict adherence to scripture.
Unlike my classmates who took afternoon classes in Catholicism or spent weekends
at Hebrew school, I didn’t worry much about learning “the Word.” However, one
Bhagavad Gita quote that I repeatedly heard referenced was:
> “You have a right to perform your prescribed duty, but you are not entitled to
the fruits of your action. You have a right to your labor, but not to the fruits
of your labor.”
The passage goes on to state that people should never assume credit or
responsibility for the outcomes of their work, because only their duty is
theirs, and the rest is in fate’s hands. As a child, my mother used the quote to
put my mind at ease—when I had studied hard for a math test and was worrying
about my grade, or when I wondered if I’d made the cut for some team at school.
As I’ve grown up and taken on professional, results-focused roles, I’ve often
thought back to those moments and wondered if I was breaking some implicit rule
by caring about outcomes.
We were a Hindu household, but, like many other first-generation Americans, we
were an ambitious one, too. Education was always at the center of my life, and
eventually, so were the accolades that came with it. My parents spared me the
so-called “tiger parenting” that is stereotypically associated with Asian
immigrants, but that didn’t mean I didn’t care about results. No amount of
parental love and support can spare a child the increasingly competitive
experience of growing up in the contemporary American school system, in which,
by sixteen, many children have made decisions that could dictate their
educational and financial future. In light of this social context, perhaps it’s
unsurprising that I found myself deeply concerned with the “fruits of my labor”
from such a young age—whether my grades, tangible impacts in the office, or
other measurable outcomes that I associated with my professional identity.
There’s nothing inherently wrong with this focus. In fact, most of my highly
successful classmates and friends seem to possess it. Yet, the older I got, the
more I found myself wondering if the intense focus on a goal—the pride I felt
when I achieved it and the pain I felt when I failed—was somehow sacrilegious.
At best, there seemed to be a clear tension between strong professional ambition
and the religious teachings of living simply in your duty, trusting God with the
rest.
Though perhaps most explicitly stated in the Bhagavad Gita, this idea echoes
across many religions and philosophies. Versions of it appear in the Christian
duty to serve others, the Mormon discipline, and the Buddhist emphasis on filial
piety—all of which center around duty over personal reward. Other religions
include implicit checks on external ambition through stated restrictions on
wealth, like the Muslim tradition of Zakat (almsgiving) or giving a tithe to a
church. Still others give no explicit guidance on ambition, or have mixed
guidance that religious scholars debate to this day. For instance, in Luke
18:15, Jesus states “how hard it is for the rich to enter the kingdom of God!
Indeed, it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for
someone who is rich to enter the kingdom of God." In contrast, Psalm 128 reads
“You shall eat the fruit of the labor of your hands; you shall be blessed, and
it shall be well with you."
Of course, restrictions on wealth are merely one manifestation of this concept
and a focus on results can extend far beyond earning money. To different
individuals, it might mean maximizing one’s personal potential, beating a
numerical goal for the sake of the challenge, leaving a legacy of positive
change behind them, or some combination of the above.
In fact, many of these motivators seem to explain the younger generation’s
trends in the workforce. More and more millennials and members of generation Z
are rejecting traditional paths through hierarchical organizations in favor of
self-directed careers. These involve several organizational and sectoral
switches in pursuit of greater professional development, impact, and value
alignment. Albeit noble, a focus on altruistic outcomes is nevertheless a focus
on outcomes, as opposed to simply one’s “duty” of clocking in a solid eight
hours per day.
Moreover, according to a 2010 Pew Research Center study, the value placed on
salary and stability has only increased for the cohort of individuals raised
amidst the 2008 recession and growing economic inequality. The concept of
working hard for the sake of good results, be they religious or economic, has
long been embedded in our national history by the Protestant work ethic and the
spirit of capitalism. The Calvinist belief that hard work and its accompanying
success were guarantees of spiritual salvation tied work ethic, measurable
outcomes, and faith together in one complex knot that sits at the center of
early American history. In this sense, the country’s simultaneous focus on
professional and religious identity is as American as ambition itself.
The 2015 Pew Religious Landscape study also called millennials the least overtly
religious American generation in modern times. By all traditional measures, this
is true. Just 27% of millennials attend religious services on a weekly basis
while 38% of baby boomers and over 50% of the greatest and silent generations do
the same. Roughly 60% of baby boomers and over half of generation Xers say
religion is “very important” in their lives, but this number falls to roughly
40% where millennials are concerned. However, Pew also reports that millennials
seem just as likely to be spiritual as previous generations. Like older
generations, over half of millennials say they think deeply about the purpose of
life on a weekly basis. Even many unaffiliated individuals reported praying
regularly.
We have no reason to suppose a causal connection between the generation’s
increased focus on outcomes and decreased focus on organized religion, but the
mere fact that these trends are developing in tandem is an interesting one which
highlights the complex position young Americans have found themselves in. Many
don’t feel bound by the constructs of a specific religious tradition, but
clearly still have both faith and goals driven by something beyond themselves.
Perhaps it is in this liminal space that a professional and spiritual identity
can exist in harmony.
I expect that the drivers that have motivated me and countless others in the
past (a desire to excel, to honor our parents’ sacrifices, and to create
positive change, to name just a few) will stay with me as time goes on. I
further expect that our generation will continue to walk the tightrope between
goals and greed. My sincere hope is that these factors push us to fulfill our
duty to ourselves and others with stronger resolve, rather than neglect it
entirely.
Encouraging people to trust in God is a lovely sentiment, but it shouldn’t be
interpreted as guidance to have blind faith in a divine future which requires no
work on our part. A climate change researcher must consider whether corporations
are actually utilizing their recommendations or not, or our planet won’t heal. A
first-generation college student striving to lift their family out of poverty
must consider their starting salary so they can experience upward social
mobility. Indeed, anyone concerned with the betterment of themselves and their
world in any respect must carefully consider the results of their own work and
course-correct when those results aren’t what they intended. Much as I might
wish it were, one’s “duty” isn’t clearly inscribed anywhere.
In a contemporary world, the proverbial quest to live with purpose is a messy
journey of self-discovery and prioritizing competing duties during different
seasons of life. Now more than ever, our country needs a generation of
individuals who are actively mindful of the fruits of their labor and the legacy
they leave behind them. Dharma, or any other version of a concept of following
one’s duty, remains close to my heart. However, I am conscious of the fact that
discovering exactly what it is requires a focus on my external impact, and now
believe it is one that can be achieved even by those with big dreams. Though I
now try to avoid worrying much about what implicit rule I’m breaking each time I
anxiously await a performance result, I don’t mean to imply that I’ve provided a
definitive answer to this question, or even that such an answer exists.
I am neither a religious scholar nor a spokesperson of my entire
generation—perhaps someone more orthodox than I would argue that ambition and
devotion can’t peacefully coexist. However, from my perspective as a young
believer—a member of both the “spiritual but not strictly religious” generation
and a cohort of impact-focused Americans—it seems there is an acceptable overlap
between the two which lies at the intersection of being ambitious and fulfilling
one’s unique direction rather than for ambition’s sake. To others who feel a
similar tension and calling, I believe we can start by simply being driven by
faith—in a higher power, yes, but also by faith in ourselves and the impact we
can make on this world if we are cognizant of it. Religious holidays were some of my favorite days growing up. Hindu holidays in
the U.S. didn’t result in days off of school, but they were all accompanied by
rich traditions. We’d make elaborate chalk drawings outside to welcome good
fortune into our home, or play on the swings to celebrate spring’s arrival, and
there were always sweets involved. I was raised with religion in the background
of my life, but the focus was on culture over strict adherence to scripture.
Unlike my classmates who took afternoon classes in Catholicism or spent weekends
at Hebrew school, I didn’t worry much about learning “the Word.” However, one
Bhagavad Gita quote that I repeatedly heard referenced was:
> “You have a right to perform your prescribed duty, but you are not entitled to
the fruits of your action. You have a right to your labor, but not to the fruits
of your labor.”
The passage goes on to state that people should never assume credit or
responsibility for the outcomes of their work, because only their duty is
theirs, and the rest is in fate’s hands. As a child, my mother used the quote to
put my mind at ease—when I had studied hard for a math test and was worrying
about my grade, or when I wondered if I’d made the cut for some team at school.
As I’ve grown up and taken on professional, results-focused roles, I’ve often
thought back to those moments and wondered if I was breaking some implicit rule
by caring about outcomes.
We were a Hindu household, but, like many other first-generation Americans, we
were an ambitious one, too. Education was always at the center of my life, and
eventually, so were the accolades that came with it. My parents spared me the
so-called “tiger parenting” that is stereotypically associated with Asian
immigrants, but that didn’t mean I didn’t care about results. No amount of
parental love and support can spare a child the increasingly competitive
experience of growing up in the contemporary American school system, in which,
by sixteen, many chilFelicia Hanitio | The Human
On a sweltering mid-August afternoon, I dragged three bulging suitcases out of
Logan International Airport, hiding a tired but triumphant grin behind my white
Temasek Foundation-issued face mask. Five visa appointment cancellations and
many soul-searching decisions later, I had finally made it to Boston. In a few
days, I would join millions of graduate students worldwide, entering into the
ritual of extended adolescence and self-discovery that is graduate education.
Earlier this year, as COVID-19 infection rates soared, schools and businesses
shut down, and the world moved online, I, like many of my peers, reconsidered my
decision to enroll in business school this fall. It wasn’t just about the idea
of a “diminished” learning and social experience for the same hefty $200,000
price tag. With a Singaporean passport, I was also on relatively privileged
footing to deal with uncertainty around the embassy reopening, visa application
timelines, and post-graduation job opportunities. For me, the weightiest
consideration was the opportunity cost inherent in spending the next two years
in the ivory tower of academia, learning to “make a difference in the world”—the
motto of Harvard’s business school—when ample opportunities existed all around
to step up, stretch, and lead in a time of global crisis.
Yet in the midst of the death of an old “normal,” and the birth of a new reality
taking shape, I decided that this would be the opportune time to step back and
think critically about the kind of leader I want to be. The timeless existential
question posed in “The Summer Day” by the late poet Mary Oliver seemed to urge
even closer examination this year:
Doesn’t everything die at last, and too soon?
Tell me, what is it you plan to do
with your one wild and precious life?
What are the kinds of difference worth fighting for, the answers worth pursuing,
and the questions worth asking in times like these? For the next two years, I
have the opportunity to examine these lines of inquiry and more with a diverse
class of 732 MBA students from over 50 nations, all making space to invest in
our own growth so we can better invest in others. I recently realized, too, that
stepping back does not have to be at the expense of leaning in. Rather, with the
enhanced perspectives, tools, and networks it provides, the MBA community serves
as a powerful platform for rapid-testing innovative theories of change even
during our time as student-professionals.
When I originally decided to apply for an MBA, I saw these two years as a space
in which I could take a giant leap of faith from who I was at the time toward
who I wanted to become. After almost four years working in Indonesia’s education
sector as a foundation professional, I dreamed of exploring a possible future
path as a founder and social entrepreneur. I yearned to carve out space to test
and exchange crazy ideas, learn from peers and professors who have started,
scaled and closed down businesses, and gradually grow my own confidence and risk
tolerance. I hoped to experiment with my leadership style and absorb wisdom from
new friends with backgrounds as diverse as heading submarine intelligence units
250 meters below sea level, to developing digital solutions to eliminate malaria
across the Southern Hemisphere. Most importantly, I planned to continue a
focused pursuit of deepening my Christian faith and identity alongside
redemptive rhythms of work, rest, and community that would lay an important
foundation for the rest of my life.
It’s strange and beautiful, this notion of coming back to school in part to
reconsider who we want to be when we grow up, when we’ve already grown up in
many ways. I’ve chuckled reading Instagram captions from my classmates
celebrating the experience of becoming a “freshman” again, or in one
particularly tongue-in-cheek post, starting “seventeenth grade.” Granted, this
second experience of being a freshman is distinctly different than the first. I,
for one, know I’m radically changed today from the person I was when I began my
undergraduate degree in the United States eight years ago; different even from
the Felicia who, upon graduating, decided that she would like to spend the rest
of her career working in community development in Indonesia and Southeast Asia.
This time, my worldview and sense of place in the world are much more firmly
formed; my eight years and counting of following Christ serve as a unifying
anchor, and my understanding of what it takes to realize systemic change in
Indonesia’s education system has gained much-needed texture and nuance. Yet I’m
full of adolescent excitement to discover the tangible paths and possibilities
that lie ahead in pursuit of this mission. Most of my classmates, I’ve learned,
share my sense of anticipation. For some, years of following the mold have left
them hungry to discover their own true North Star and rechart their course. For
others, the brevity of life brought to consciousness by the pandemic has
provided new boldness and clarity to pursue, or perhaps double down on, a
calling that makes their heart sing.
Ten weeks back into student life, I’ve also noticed, underlying the general
atmosphere of excitement, an undercurrent of anxiety: a restlessness to figure
out where we’re going, whether we’re on the right track, and how we can get on
track to make this $200,000 investment and two-year opportunity cost count. A
few weeks ago, something like half of my class began recruiting for their summer
internships. Would-be founders began networking with increased fervor.
Discussions about post-graduate plans suddenly took on a new flavor of urgency.
We like to joke about being freshmen, but heaven forbid we actually feel as
uncertain about the shapes of our futures as do most undergraduate freshmen. I
wonder if over the years we’ve lost our sense of childlike wonder—the ability to
live in joyful expectation as we move in nonlinear ways from one version of self
to another. I must admit: I’m culprit number one. I came to business school with
a commitment to explore and iterate courageously upon my hypotheses of who I
will become and what I will do with this life; yet, I find myself almost daily
battling the temptation to grasp at definite answers that I can tout confidently
in coffee chats and networking meetings.
Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard wrote originally of the relationship
between anxiety and possibility in The Concept of Anxiety:
> [A]nxiety is the dizziness of freedom, which emerges when the spirit wants to
posit the synthesis and freedom looks down into its possibility, laying hold of
finiteness to support itself.
Building on Kierkegaard’s ideas, American existential psychologist Rollo May
elaborates on the necessary role anxiety plays in creativity and
self-development:
> “Because it is possible to create…one has anxiety…. Now creating, actualizing
one’s possibilities, always involves negative as well as positive aspects. It
always involves destroying the status quo, destroying old patterns within
oneself...and creating new and original forms and ways of living.”
Anxiety, then, is not inherently a sign of weakness. Rather, it is an expected,
and to some extent a necessary, part of the act of “creating new and original
forms and ways of living”: whether at the level of the individual or of society.
Unbridled and left to fester, however, anxiety becomes incapacitating—the
antithesis of freedom. I remember this from my darkest season of doubt in high
school. I’ve seen it crop up again and again, in myself and others, as we
grapple with the uncertainty and slow process of change associated with the
conflated health, economic, and social pandemics our society faces today. How
might we, then, position ourselves relative to our anxiety so that it powers
creativity instead of paralysis?
Drawing inspiration from Kierkegaard and May’s work, as well as recent personal
experiences, I’d like to suggest three lenses to help us—as individuals and as a
collective society—to move from anxiety toward the fulfillment of our potential.
The first lens is to see anxiety as not only a natural byproduct of our growth
process but as a powerful, educational tool. Anxiety alerts us to the
unconscious beliefs we may hold despite the rational truths we subscribe to, and
to the old ways of being we have not fully unlearned. It provides inflection
points in which we can choose to reexamine our core beliefs and values, and to
remember and act on our agency. For example, in my religious worldview, anxiety
signals to me that I am imagining my future without God—believing that God is
not in control, does not have my best interests in mind, or does not faithfully
provide. In response, I have the opportunity to recommit to trusting God’s
weaving in my life, and to daily choices and practices that stem from this core
decision.
In one TED talk, investor and author Tim Ferriss goes so far as to suggest that
we should practice “fear-setting” instead of “goal-setting” to help us make
important decisions: envisioning and writing down our fears in detail,
separating what we can control from what we cannot, listing the potential
benefits of taking action, and, crucially, listing the costs of inaction. On my
plane ride to the United States, I went through a similar framework as part of a
letter I wrote to myself in preparation for business school. Whether your core
philosophy is stoicism, like Ferriss’s, or conscious surrender to a higher
power, like mine, the practice of unpacking one’s anxieties and fears can
actually provide renewed courage to make the leaps of faith we need to make.
The second lens is to model an embrace of ambiguity in solving hard problems. In
a particular case study I dissected, one innovative company defined tolerance
for ambiguity as a core bedrock of their culture and critical enabler of their
creative process. In a time when so much of our world needs to be reimagined,
and yet so little is predictable, we need leaders who are not afraid to
acknowledge, own, and wrestle with uncertainty, whether it is their own or
others’. We need leaders who are okay with uncovering more questions for every
possible answer we come up with in the process of creating systemic change.
While our culture has idealized the notion of a confident, invulnerable leader,
in this day and age, I believe the most credible leaders are those who are
candid about their uncertainties and gaps of expertise while pursuing better
questions and collaborative solutions.
The third lens is to practice disciplined and systematic inquiry, as both a
mindset and a process. In my previous work with schools in Indonesia, one of my
foundation’s most important theories of change was that inquiry-based learning,
as opposed to the dominant deductive methods of schooling that have been widely
adopted over the past few centuries, would best prepare young learners and their
learning guardians to thrive in an increasingly volatile, uncertain world. It
goes without question that I am a huge proponent of the power of inquiry, yet
still I find it extremely difficult to apply this to my own life.
As I write now, I’ve come to realize that the season I’m in currently is a
season of questions more than it is a season of answers—and that’s intentional.
This does not mean that I take a laissez-faire approach to my educational and
professional journey. Rather, borrowing principles from the design thinking
world, I can commit myself to cycles of divergent and convergent inquiry. While
they are not mutually exclusive, I have decided that my first semester will be
primarily one of open-ended exploration and gathering of questions, while in my
second semester I will start to put a few structured hypotheses to the test.
There’s an uncomfortable yet productive tension that comes with the process of
identity evolution as graduate students, yes, but truly as humans at-large. In
the journey of leaving behind old permutations of self and moving toward new
possibilities, we often live in the spaces “in between.” These threshold spaces
can be disorienting—dizzying even—but they are also the birthplaces of
incredible transformation and hope. I’m aware that my fellow classmates and I
occupy a unique space in the midst of a unique period in world history. I am
determined to be a keen observer and engaged participant in the unique forms of
creation and transformation that can take place in such times.
At the end of the day, I’m still not 100 percent sure—not even 80 or 60 percent
sure—what it is exactly I plan to do with this one wild and precious life of
mine. I’m not sure what the world will be like when I graduate or the kind of
leader Felicia will be two years from now. I do have a general direction I am
pursuing, a few lines and lenses of inquiry I have committed to, and a set of
hypotheses that continue to evolve daily. For now, I’m content to trust I am
where I am supposed to be. On a sweltering mid-August afternoon, I dragged three bulging suitcases out of
Logan International Airport, hiding a tired but triumphant grin behind my white
Temasek Foundation-issued face mask. Five visa appointment cancellations and
many soul-searching decisions later, I had finally made it to Boston. In a few
days, I would join millions of graduate students worldwide, entering into the
ritual of extended adolescence and self-discovery that is graduate education.
Earlier this year, as COVID-19 infection rates soared, schools and businesses
shut down, and the world moved online, I, like many of my peers, reconsidered my
decision to enroll in business school this fall. It wasn’t just about the idea
of a “diminished” learning and social experience for the same hefty $200,000
price tag. With a Singaporean passport, I was also on relatively privileged
footing to deal with uncertainty around the embassy reopening, visa application
timelines, and post-graduation job opportunities. For me, the weightiest
consideration was the opportunity cost inherent in spending the next two years
in the ivory tower of academia, learning to “make a difference in the world”—the
motto of Harvard’s business school—when ample opportunities existed all around
to step up, stretch, and lead in a time of global crisis.
Yet in the midst of the death of an old “normal,” and the birth of a new reality
taking shape, I decided that this would be the opportune time to step back and
think critically about the kind of leader I want to be. The timeless existential
question posed in “The Summer Day” by the late poet Mary Oliver seemed to urge
even closer examination this year:
Doesn’t everything die at last, and too soon?
Tell me, what is it you plan to do
with your one wild and precious life?
What are the kinds of difference worth fighting for, the answers worth pursuing,
and the questions worth asking in times like these? For the next two years, I
have the opportunity to examine these lines of iNate Stauffer | The Necessary
Cody is a pseudonym to protect the student’s privacy.
The realization hit me like a rusty, yellow school bus: I have not issued a
single demerit.
Since March, I have reimagined my pedagogy from the ground up. I rebuilt entire
units from scratch, filmed video lessons to help kids learn asynchronously, and
spent countless hours debating with colleagues about how to provide support
through a laptop screen. In all that time, despite the high stakes and constant
stress, I have not issued a single behavioral consequence to my students.
At each school I’ve taught in, I learned new protocols for addressing behavioral
challenges, from clip charts to family phone calls to individual behavior plans
and whole-class rubrics. Though unique in practice, these strategies all
nominally shared similar objectives: to maintain high expectations, to promote a
safe community, and to ensure consistency in holding kids accountable when they
cause harm. Even when I felt at odds with their design, I felt assured by their
underlying goals. As the keeper of our classroom culture, the responsibility and
authority to punish bad behaviors rested with me.
I started teaching sixth grade at my current school in the fall of 2019, seven
months before the pandemic hit. At that time, teachers were given a simple
system for punishing misbehaviors. Any action that disrupted the flow of class
would earn a “demerit," logged into an online tracker that all teachers could
access. When a student earned three demerits, they were held for an hour after
school to reflect on their actions with our Dean of Students. Every Monday, the
program reset so students could start each week with a clean slate.
The objective of this three-strike system was clearly defensible: demerits would
disincentivize kids from disrupting the learning process or hurting the
classroom community. The simplicity of this method ensured that teachers would
not waste excessive time in class addressing individual behaviors at the expense
of group instruction. Given its noble intentions, I felt empowered to maintain
the system regardless of its impacts.
Then, I met Cody.
Cody was an eleven-year-old with the gravelly voice of a chain-smoking 1950s ad
executive. His unkempt hair gave the illusion of wisps of flame shooting from
his head, appropriate given his fiery personality. He loved the Red Sox, Marvel
movies, and Takis. His ebbing and flowing energy was a barometer for that of his
whole cohort. On days when Cody shot into my room, I would brace myself for a
high-octane lesson. Other days, when he plodded in with sullen eyes, I would
turn up my charms to chase the clouds away.
Despite my instant investment in Cody’s well-being, we did not start out the
year on good footing. From the first day of class, he challenged my authority.
If I reminded him to take his seat, he would dart across the room the second I
turned around. If I asked him not to bounce his soccer ball, he would thump on
it defiantly. On one occasion, he turned my packet of post-it notes into a suit
of flimsy, pastel armor covering his face and arms.
In my class, Cody earned demerits like he was chasing after Halloween candy. I
tried bargaining with him, pulling him into the hallway to check in, calling his
mom, moving his assigned seat. Yet, with each step, the situation only worsened.
We fell into a vicious spiral: his behavior led me to issue consequences which
upset him and worsened his behavior. Each time I logged another demerit for him,
I felt like I was fooling myself. Who was truly at fault in this endless cycle
of punishment and crime?
I took a seminar on negotiations in graduate school. In one class, the professor
asked us to turn to a partner, put an elbow down, lock hands, close our eyes,
and try to touch each others' forearms to the desk as many times as possible in
thirty seconds. Instantly recognizing this game as arm wrestling, I tightened my
muscles and pressed back against my partner. He and I stayed locked in place for
the entirety of the allotted time.
When we opened our eyes, the professor asked if any folks had been able to score
thirty points during the game. To my surprise, a few hands shot up. One of my
peers mentioned that the rules of the game did not explicitly ask us to arm
wrestle. The key to the exercise was not to push back on one another but to
cooperate. If both partners in the game viewed each other as collaborators
rather than competitors, then they could move each others' arms back and forth
with ease, avoiding the pain and strain of pressing into one another at full
force.
Fast forward to a Tuesday this past February. Cody had a rough morning and
earned his third demerit of the day just minutes after stepping into class.
Overwhelmed and unsure how to course correct, I sent him to visit the Dean of
Students. Later that afternoon, his advisor asked him to come back to me to have
a conversation. Selfishly, I opened my door expecting an apology from him.
Instead, I found him crouching on the ground, arms crossed, nostrils flared,
eyes brimming with tears.
“Why do you hate me?” Cody asked.
“Hate you? Cody, I could never hate you,” I replied.
“You’re always out to get me. You give me more demerits than anyone.”
“To be clear, you earn demerits through your behavior. I don’t give them to
you.”
“IT’S NOT FAIR. Other kids do the same things I do and you never even…”
“Cody,” I cut him off. “What do you want?”
“I want you to take back the demerits you gave me this morning.”
“I can’t do that, but tomorrow is a new day. What can we do to make tomorrow’s
class better?”
“YOU’RE RUINING MY LIFE. I HATE YOU. I’M NEVER DOING WORK FOR YOUR CLASS AGAIN.”
“I’m sorry you feel hurt. Is there something I can do to better support you?”
“I don’t care anymore. Leave me alone.”
I obliged.
As I walked back into my classroom, leaving Cody sprawled out on the floor of
the hallway, I became aware of my own smugness. My calm demeanor in the
conversation allowed me to maintain some moral high ground while a young person
with a still-developing frontal cortex melted down in front of me. As my arms
tensed up, a terrible thought occurred: I was viewing Cody as my opponent, not
my collaborator. We were locked in an arm-wrestling match that neither of us
could win.
A rising movement in American education, particularly in charter networks,
promotes a “no excuses” approach to student support. The underlying theory
suggests that school is meant to be a communal work environment with clear
expectations, and, by entering, all members of the community consent to abide by
them. As such, whatever experiences may be impacting a kid’s life outside of
school are considered irrelevant to their behavior in the building. Educators
who buy into this model believe schools should help kids learn how to control
and compartmentalize their emotions so they will be prepared for the grueling,
bootstrapping work of striving for success in a society that tends to value
professional achievements over personal well-being.
In the faculty room after my clash with Cody, I sat with my conflicting
emotions. On the one hand, it gutted me to hear a child say that I was ruining
his life. On the other, I believed I was preventing him from making excuses for
his behavior. Surely collaboration did not mean I needed to excuse his
disruptive antics, right? Deep down, I knew that I could not resolve this
tension on my own. Heart pounding, I walked down to the Dean’s office to check
on Cody.
When he saw me enter, Cody walked toward me but kept his eyes averted. We went
back to his advisory room. In hopes of seeing eye-to-eye both literally and
figuratively, I sat on the floor while he plopped into a chair. I started by
saying that I wanted us to better understand each other, and that I promised I
would listen to him before I spoke.
As he shared his feelings with me, I realized that we had a common struggle.
Like me, Cody had an absent father with disabilities who popped in and out of
his life at random, inconvenient times. Recently, Cody's mom agreed to let him
visit his dad on Tuesday afternoons. Because he had to stay after school that
day, he missed his chance to see his dad for the week.
Suddenly, his outbursts made sense. I knew firsthand how it felt to grow up as a
young man without my dad at home, and I knew how that absence informed my
perception of other male authority figures. As a teenager, when male teachers
would shoot me disapproving glances, waves of electricity flooded my brain.
Predisposed toward self-loathing, I internalized these power surges as personal
failures. With this recollection, I began to wonder what unintended consequences
my presence as a disciplinarian had on Cody.
I sat with him for over an hour, the sharp edges of his face slowly blurring
through my wet eyes. As the evening crept in, I thanked him for his honesty and
walked him out to his bus stop. Before I sent him off, we promised we would work
together to support each other moving forward. Reentering the building, I felt a
new sort of electricity buzz through me.
Everyone who teaches was once a student. As adults, we often assume we know what
children need simply because we were once young, too. The more I teach, though,
the more flawed this belief seems. Beyond the changing generational context and
the impact of technological advancements on human development, the pangs of
pubescence are deeply personal and difficult to revisit once they have been
overcome. This is why, as educators, we must actively exercise empathy for each
new child in our classes. We must lean into their experiences curiously, without
assuming that we understand. Every kid has a new area of expertise to teach us
about: themselves.
A few weeks after my conversation with Cody, the pandemic exploded, thrusting
our students and staff into virtual classrooms for the first time. The flaws of
the “no excuses” model became glaring amidst the new reality of remote
schooling. Some kids were in homes with food insecurity or unstable internet
connections. Others had guardians who worked in essential fields. Many had
relatives—like Cody’s dad—who faced dangerous pre-existing conditions. A few
contracted the virus. One young man lost his mother. The differences in our
kids’ lived experiences were unavoidable. As teachers, we had no excuse to
ignore them.
Our team’s approach to support our students shifted from punishing behaviors we
felt negatively impacted our community to promoting the well-being of each child
in our classes. As a result of working in isolated bubbles, however, we lacked
the capacity to unite our practices in the moment. The arrival of summer offered
an important chance for us to regroup, reflect, and prepare for an uncertain
future. As I considered the year, the challenges of virtual teaching, and my
relationship with Cody, I finally recognized the shortcomings of punitive
discipline and dedicated myself to seeking better ways to serve my kids.
With the new academic year, my school has echoed this commitment, rethinking the
systems we have passively upheld for so long. We now recognize that punitive
methods like demerits are more damaging than beneficial. Working together as
teachers, administrators, students, and families to solve problems will
strengthen our community. Mistakes are inevitable, but issuing punishments does
not inherently lead to solutions. Under the weight of these lessons, the
lopsided power structure of our classroom management system has toppled.
In its place, we have shifted to a fully restorative disciplinary model. As a
teacher, I still hold the primary authority to maintain a positive class culture
but when harm is caused, I am called to work directly with my students as
co-workers in the process of resolving conflicts. In lieu of issuing demerits, I
open conversations. Rather than sending kids to detention to reflect on their
errors, I take time out of my day to listen to my students’ perspectives, share
my own, and unpack the roots of our disagreements. When I feel challenged by
students like Cody in the future, I will seek common ground instead of
initiating a futile power struggle.
The rollout of the restorative disciplinary model has been generally
well-received by staff and students alike, though many questions remain: how
will such an approach look when we all finally return to the school building?
How do we differentiate our responses to behaviors based on the type of harm
caused? What happens when challenges persist after repeated interventions?
Crucially, how will this model facilitate the multitude of new health and safety
protocols that will accompany our return to in-person learning? Recognizing
these areas of uncertainty, our school has convened a task force of students and
teachers who will address them together. As with all aspects of service-based
work, our new practices will evolve with time and experience.
If the past year has taught me one lesson as an educator, it is that we must
never feel too comfortable in our work. Discomfort is a necessary precursor to
change, and change is the antidote to our individual shortcomings, as well as
the failures of the education system writ large. Supporting each other with an
eye toward individual circumstances is essential to ensuring mutual growth and
well-being. With communication, flexibility, courage, and resilience, teachers
and students can rethink the rules of our shared work.
Arm in arm, we all can win.Cody is a pseudonym to protect the student’s privacy.
The realization hit me like a rusty, yellow school bus: I have not issued a
single demerit.
Since March, I have reimagined my pedagogy from the ground up. I rebuilt entire
units from scratch, filmed video lessons to help kids learn asynchronously, and
spent countless hours debating with colleagues about how to provide support
through a laptop screen. In all that time, despite the high stakes and constant
stress, I have not issued a single behavioral consequence to my students.
At each school I’ve taught in, I learned new protocols for addressing behavioral
challenges, from clip charts to family phone calls to individual behavior plans
and whole-class rubrics. Though unique in practice, these strategies all
nominally shared similar objectives: to maintain high expectations, to promote a
safe community, and to ensure consistency in holding kids accountable when they
cause harm. Even when I felt at odds with their design, I felt assured by their
underlying goals. As the keeper of our classroom culture, the responsibility and
authority to punish bad behaviors rested with me.
I started teaching sixth grade at my current school in the fall of 2019, seven
months before the pandemic hit. At that time, teachers were given a simple
system for punishing misbehaviors. Any action that disrupted the flow of class
would earn a “demerit," logged into an online tracker that all teachers could
access. When a student earned three demerits, they were held for an hour after
school to reflect on their actions with our Dean of Students. Every Monday, the
program reset so students could start each week with a clean slate.
The objective of this three-strike system was clearly defensible: demerits would
disincentivize kids from disrupting the learning process or hurting the
classroom community. The simplicity of this method ensured that teachers would
not waste excessive time in class addressing individual behaviors at the expense
oAraminta Ray | The Necessary
There is a rugged footpath called the Appalachian Trail running 2,190.9 miles
from Springer Mountain in Georgia to Mount Katahdin in Maine. It is a
wilderness, a sanctuary, a classroom, and a pilgrimage for those who travel it.
The Appalachian Trail becomes deeply woven into one’s being—from transformed
physical anatomy due to the stresses of walking, to the resilience and grit that
no earthly challenge can steal, to a permanent change in perspective on
suffering and nature and contentment therein. My own soul has been irreversibly
remodeled by the Appalachian Trail, and for that I am eternally grateful.
Envisioned in 1921 by Benton McKaye to function as a wilderness corridor
connecting one town to the next, the Appalachian Trail (AT) was completed in
1937 and remains the longest foot-travel-only hiking path in the world. Over its
near 2,200 miles, the AT passes through fourteen states, gaining and losing
elevation equivalent to sixteen summits of Mount Everest from sea level. While
most of the volunteer-maintained trail lies in national forests, national parks,
and other such wilderness areas, there are also sections of the trail that
travel on roads, through towns, and even in private backyards. More than 2
million people visit the AT every year. Most go for short day hikes; others
spend multiple days or weeks on the trail, and approximately four to five
thousand attempt to hike the entire length of the trail in one season, called
"thru hikers."
Most thru hikers walk Northbound, starting in Georgia during the months of March
and April, hoping to make it to Mount Katahdin before the snow and ice set in at
the beginning of October. A much smaller portion of hikers starts in Maine in
June or July to hike Southbound with the fall, finishing at Springer Mountain
before the harshness of winter. Still fewer choose alternative routes, most
commonly a “flip flop,” which constitutes starting somewhere in the middle of
the trail, hiking to one terminus, then returning to the starting point to
reverse direction and complete the trail at the opposite end. Only one in five
of those who attempt a thru hike complete their journey. In 2018, I fulfilled a
dream I’ve had for as long as I can remember and became one of those people.
As I was considering the details of my thru hike, I took a position with The
United Methodist Church as a “Trail Chaplain.” I was the only thru-hiking
Chaplain appointed by the church for 2018 and the first female to have ever held
this position. As Chaplain, my role was to thru hike the AT and to minister to
the hiking community by connecting AT hikers to local churches along the way.
The role consisted not of evangelizing in campsites but rather offering a
listening ear, praying with and for others when asked, and bearing a witness of
hope.
I started my 149-day journey on June 15, 2018 in Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. I
hiked over 1,100 miles northbound to Katahdin, then returned to Harpers Ferry
and continued southbound for 1,000 miles, completing the trail at Springer
Mountain on November 10, 2018. I hiked fifteen to thirty miles each day, slept
in my tent or in one of 250 wooden, three-sided trail shelters along the way,
and maintained a diet of junk food and ramen noodles. I hitchhiked to nearby
towns every three to five days to eat a hot meal, take a shower, do laundry, and
resupply food for the next leg of the journey.
My hike was long and hard. There were days that were blisteringly hot; my skin
bled from chaffing; my head throbbed from dehydration while searching for water
during a dry Pennsylvania summer. There were lengthy spells of cold
rain—sixty-five total days, to be exact—when my raisiny skin sloughed off in
chunks and my sub-dermal blisters pierced my resolve with each soggy step. There
were days I felt too weak to stand, especially when ill with cryptosporidium (a
waterborne parasite) while hiking alone through Hurricane Florence in Shenandoah
National Park.
But my hike was the most joyful season I have ever experienced. There were warm,
breezy days when I napped on mountaintops surrounded by panoramic views of the
mountains I had walked over and would walk over. There were days I felt
superhuman, propelling my 5’3” frame and my 30-pound backpack over the highest
peaks on the East Coast with energy to spare by day’s end. There were days I
felt deep companionship as I hiked on the heels of my best friends while we
laughed our way through the daily mileage. Sometimes I felt a full range of
emotions from joy to despair, allowing tears to flow freely down my
dirt-streaked face. Sometimes I felt nothing at all; some days I simply existed
in the rhythm of my footsteps.
People often ask if I was afraid. I was—although not of bears, snakes, or serial
killers—but of lightning, yellow jackets, and norovirus. I did not take a
companion on the Appalachian Trail. I hiked alone. But alone is a relative term.
The AT is a tight-knit community of hikers from all walks of life. People travel
from across the world to walk, to grieve, to heal, to transition between careers
and seasons, to celebrate, and to strip life down to its essence in search of
themselves.
As a reflection of this process, thru hikers on the Appalachian Trail drop their
legal names to earn and live by a new one—a trail name. Trail names are not
chosen, but are given by other members of the hiking community—usually
coinciding with a quirky characteristic about the individual or something dumb
they did early in their hike. As trivial as the origins of a trail name might
be, the new identity that one takes on throughout their 2,000-mile journey is
sacred. A new name is permission to heal, permission to shed what you brought to
the trail, permission to try a new thing without pretext. It is permission to
become what is at the bedrock of your being. I was named Blueberry, for my
floppy blue hat that could be seen from the next ridge over. While I was
initially frustrated with the conventional nature and origin of such a name, my
journey, my identity as a hiker, and my transformation depended on it.
But why does this continue to matter? What is there to carry from the wilderness
into the noise of the ordinary? What is essential?
In his 1862 essay, “Walking,” Henry David Thoreau wrote of a deep connection
with Nature fostered through the constant act of walking. Simultaneously, he
grumbled about the apparent contentedness of his peers who remained indoors,
ignoring Nature, and who were permanently drawn to the lures of Society. When I
crossed the Potomac and started walking north from Harpers Ferry, I expected to
return to society five months later having found my own Walden Pond and a
mindset that echoed Thoreau's. The transition from the freedom and simplicity of
life on the Appalachian Trail to my daily existence as a medical student has
been challenging. Thoreau declared:
> “For my part, I feel that with regard to Nature I live sort of a border life,
on the confines of a world into which I make occasional and transient forays
only, and my patriotism and allegiance to the state into whose territories I
seem to retreat are those of a moss-trooper.”
There are days now when my own conscience resonates with Thoreau’s frustration;
however, instead of a traitor, I feel as an ambassador of that which I learned
on the Appalachian Trail.
I started my thru hike expecting to return from the woods a modern-day Thoreau.
I expected my time on the trail to make returning to—and meaningfully engaging
in—society an impossibility. While I marched, leaving Society to commune with
Nature, I wrestled with the grief of depression, suicide, and loss. I was still
rattled from the fallout of a tragic exile from my college faith community, four
years without rest or space to breathe, and the deaths of more friends than I
could count on one hand. I came to the trail fully expecting to shed elements of
myself, yes, but to shed plenty of tears, too, as I had during the last eighteen
months of college. I did freely cry on trail. I did continue to seek and receive
the healing that I desperately craved during that time.
However, in the aperture of long days spent walking through unnamed hills and
deciduous forests, I also found hope. I made hope. Sure, there was plenty of
hope to be had on sunny, mountaintop days, petting wild ponies in the Grayson
Highlands on the first crisp day of fall, crossing Franconia Ridge on the rare
clear afternoon above tree line. But the kind that surprised me—the hope I
learned to manufacture—came from finding a buffet of forest mushrooms that could
only survive in years as wet as 2018, and in blueberries that had the audacity
to grow in crags above the Maine tree line. Everyone expects hope on sunny days,
and I soaked up every bit I could find, but the hope that transformed—the hope
that brought healing not prescribed in a binary—came in spaces created by
Nature’s harshness.
Setting off to find my own Walden, I intended to run away. While I knew the path
I would travel was marked by 2x6 inch white blazes and was detailed in my
guidebook, I was there to physically walk away from the city I spent years
calling home, and to figuratively walk away from the pain it carried. As I
trudged through rain and hauled my pack over mountains, I had every opportunity
to walk off my frustrations. The climbs up mountains flowed together into hours,
days, weeks, and months. Over time, my focus shifted from running away to
cultivating a sense of belonging in the liminality of life on the trail.
The endless ridges and switchbacks gave me the space I needed and challenged me
to see beyond my frantic search for Walden Pond. I created a safe space in the
consistency and rhythm of life on the trail. I never slept in the same place
twice, but each day began early, and in the same way: listening to the hiss of
my sleeping pad as it deflated, stuffing my sleeping bag into its sack, socks
on, gaiters up, shoes tied, Poptart ready, ready to walk. Like clockwork, my
body would demand more calories at mile four; I'd take a second breakfast
rest-stop, find a sunny place for lunch or a shelter on rainy days, snack on
Snickers at four p.m., make camp before dusk, sleep under stars, repeat. I
learned to find peace and rest anywhere, and to make it where I could not find
it. To make home while I walked home. In the final weeks of my hike, I passed
through my beloved Smokies—the mountains I grew up in.
In “Walking,” his discourse on freedom, Thoreau stated:
> “I wish to speak a word for Nature, for absolute freedom and wildness, as
contrasted with a freedom and culture merely civil—to regard man as an
inhabitant, or a part and parcel of Nature rather than a member of Society.”
I started the Appalachian Trail in hopes of claiming this same wild, absolute
freedom. I would finally be untethered from the expectations, schedules, and
reminders of hardship that had previously governed my life. However, the months
I spent on the AT exposed the complexity of such freedom.
As does membership in society, freedom on the Appalachian Trail demands
responsibility. In the hiking community, this is called "Leave No Trace." On the
trail, practicing freedom doesn't mean acting recklessly, but adhering to a
common code of ethics that permits us to enjoy nature sustainably. It involves
taking extra time to properly dispose of waste. It involves moving judiciously,
to prevent the need for a rescue operation. It involves respect for common
spaces, fellow species, and natural resources. After months of observing the
traces left by those who failed to hike accountably, I recognized that my return
to society would demand a new assumption of responsibility. The maintenance of
freedom demands action.
Hiking the Appalachian Trail awakened parts of my heart long beat into
submission by the cacophony of life. Minta—lonely, ashamed, and exhausted—gave
way to Blueberry: a spunky and honest creature who laughed her pants wet and
spoke up for what she needed. Blueberry listened for hours to the Lord in the
forest and the longings of folks she hiked beside.
I am in medical school now. I still rise before the sun, although now it is to
study pathology and to build the knowledge my future patients will depend on.
While these moments are less remarkable and these emotions less intense, I still
experience mountaintops and gaps with joy and pain. At the expense of my
academics, I carve out time to exist in nature and commune with the Lord.
My thru hike as a chaplain on the Appalachian Trail has granted me dual
citizenship in Nature and Society. Now, as our society grapples with a pandemic,
a contentious election season, and ongoing racial injustice, I draw on lessons I
have carried from the woods. When the rain won’t stop, hope must be
manufactured. To create it, we can start by finding inspiration in the ordinary
rhythms of everyday existence. To be free is a wild and beautiful privilege, and
it is our responsibility to work toward a more equitable distribution of that
privilege. Leave No Trace. There is a rugged footpath called the Appalachian Trail running 2,190.9 miles
from Springer Mountain in Georgia to Mount Katahdin in Maine. It is a
wilderness, a sanctuary, a classroom, and a pilgrimage for those who travel it.
The Appalachian Trail becomes deeply woven into one’s being—from transformed
physical anatomy due to the stresses of walking, to the resilience and grit that
no earthly challenge can steal, to a permanent change in perspective on
suffering and nature and contentment therein. My own soul has been irreversibly
remodeled by the Appalachian Trail, and for that I am eternally grateful.
Envisioned in 1921 by Benton McKaye to function as a wilderness corridor
connecting one town to the next, the Appalachian Trail (AT) was completed in
1937 and remains the longest foot-travel-only hiking path in the world. Over its
near 2,200 miles, the AT passes through fourteen states, gaining and losing
elevation equivalent to sixteen summits of Mount Everest from sea level. While
most of the volunteer-maintained trail lies in national forests, national parks,
and other such wilderness areas, there are also sections of the trail that
travel on roads, through towns, and even in private backyards. More than 2
million people visit the AT every year. Most go for short day hikes; others
spend multiple days or weeks on the trail, and approximately four to five
thousand attempt to hike the entire length of the trail in one season, called
"thru hikers."
Most thru hikers walk Northbound, starting in Georgia during the months of March
and April, hoping to make it to Mount Katahdin before the snow and ice set in at
the beginning of October. A much smaller portion of hikers starts in Maine in
June or July to hike Southbound with the fall, finishing at Springer Mountain
before the harshness of winter. Still fewer choose alternative routes, most
commonly a “flip flop,” which constitutes starting somewhere in the middle of
the trail, hiking to one terminus, then returning to Emily Meffert | The Human
I. likely not unlike the bohemian blue
Coltrane woke to ages later,
this blue cut the blank raw cold.
bald stones sloped and peaked.
a stout, deciduous fringe rimmed the sky.
night-slick grass silvered discretely, breathing
or seeming to breathe.
a crude, fluid blue.
paled like dye, exposed
the riotous foxglove
and the flushed bleeding-heart.
bees lapped the phlox
and the purple-pleated
oxalis itched, watching.
like eyes, someone thought,
turning revolutions in the grass.
buzzed on fieldwings, ochre-stroked,
arrested by the signifying wind,
some forebear rode the current up:
hissed and whined and shouted violet.
their lungs were vast and private.
let me flute this hollow bone,
they thought. let me split this ivory,
what with ten bright fingers and this appetite.
II. Except for ours, with its coiled heat and water stains,
these homes are razed or newly raised in royals, beiges,
pepper-reds and stripes. It’s Tuesday and we’re brazen
for the spread. We climb our street in headphones,
raising horns. We lurch and honk, bounce and reel,
bank the creamsick clouds and bear their light.
Bone-deep, the beat is bread.
The first disruption thrills like drifting
off a curb. Again, we say. Skip the beat
but keep its track. Our body will trace it.
We’ve made this bass our backbone.
We’ve trained our wrist on snare and cymbal.
Entranced, our hips and toes admit the stakes.
But the sax, loose bull, bucks code.
We surge out the gate, bent on wrangling sense
from dumb air. That we wobble should inspirit us,
who can, in turn, weather thrum and thrust,
who, too, have driven chaos into a motif.
Daily we shed rituals and props.
Finding the essential runs, we’re keeping
a fitful tempo and losing everything else.
Our neighborhood’s in flux. It flexes us.
Daily the hydraulic quartet fells an old frame:
bulldozer, earth mover, visionary crane,
one that blows and blows and doesn’t stop.
III. How was it to live
in that year?
Well.
Everything was tender
Everything was coming to a head.
People looked ambiguous.
Their eyes worked hard.
There were yard signs.
A couple tried to fix their car, fed up.
Things were brass, brittle, bold, bat-blind, bellicose, abiding
or betwixt,
often all at once.
Leaves got wise and curled,
rehearsing the sun.
The twists we never guessed
pitched a wreck and a relation:
the sure rhythm failed, joining sharp sets of time.
We played the frenetic constituents of a glacial synthesis.
We played the careful tenants on a hairpin road.
We sensed still things moving:
not in plain sight, but on the fringes.
Poet's Note
Here I have tried to please my ear. In this season of losing givens, I’m
interested in digging into what’s essential. What endures? At the beginning of
this century archaeologists found a vulture’s radius bone in the German
Alps—five holes cut down its length. Forty thousand years after our ancestors
invented tools to manipulate breath, John Coltrane and five others recorded
Impressions at the Village Vanguard, bending sound to the same end: to satisfy
themselves. To manifest sensorily ideas that have driven us across ages: beauty,
form, balance, the body’s relationship to time. This poem is about the creative
impulse. It’s about this mysterious instrumental thing in the skull: these few
cubic centimetres where information is analyzed and steeped and translated,
ultimately—sometimes glacially—into expression. While pillars erode, the beat
abides. It provides a reliable foundation so the soloist can imagine,
experiment, expand boundaries. The bass and drums spur us forward; the sax
drives us up. As rhythms become more complex, a structure seems to unravel; our
violated expectations make us attentive. We’ve got one good motif we may return
to, and in the precious plastic meantime we will—as we always have, because we
must—wobble uncertainly toward new forms.
I. likely not unlike the bohemian blue
Coltrane woke to ages later,
this blue cut the blank raw cold.
bald stones sloped and peaked.
a stout, deciduous fringe rimmed the sky.
night-slick grass silvered discretely, breathing
or seeming to breathe.
a crude, fluid blue.
paled like dye, exposed
the riotous foxglove
and the flushed bleeding-heart.
bees lapped the phlox
and the purple-pleated
oxalis itched, watching.
like eyes, someone thought,
turning revolutions in the grass.
buzzed on fieldwings, ochre-stroked,
arrested by the signifying wind,
some forebear rode the current up:
hissed and whined and shouted violet.
their lungs were vast and private.
let me flute this hollow bone,
they thought. let me split this ivory,
what with ten bright fingers and this appetite.
II. Except for ours, with its coiled heat and water stains,
these homes are razed or newly raised in royals, beiges,
pepper-reds and stripes. It’s Tuesday and we’re brazen
for the spread. We climb our street in headphones,
raising horns. We lurch and honk, bounce and reel,
bank the creamsick clouds and bear their light.
Bone-deep, the beat is bread.
The first disruption thrills like drifting
off a curb. Again, we say. Skip the beat
but keep its track. Our body will trace it.
We’ve made this bass our backbone.
We’ve trained our wrist on snare and cymbal.
Entranced, our hips and toes admit the stakes.
But the sax, loose bull, bucks code.
We surge out the gate, bent on wrangling sense
from dumb air. That we wobble should inspirit us,
who can, in turn, weather thrum and thrust,
who, too, have driven chaos into a motif.
Daily we shed rituals and props.
Finding the essential runs, we’re keeping
a fitful tempo and losing everything else.
Our neighborhood’s in flux. It flexes us.
Daily the hydraulic quartet fells an old frame:
bulldozer, earth mover, visionary crane,
one that blows and blows and doesn’t stop.
III. How was it to live
in that year?
Well.
Everything was tender
Everything was cAdrianna Smith | The Plain
Washington, D.C., 2019
We have made the wrong mistakes.
I run into a landscape of kites held by hundreds
of invisible hands. From a distance, their flight
makes no sound and what’s meant to move
keeps still, carries words from me.
The crowd finds space for one another,
eyes pinned to the sky, empty no longer.
Against the obelisk, time appears to hover.
Nothing stands for itself alone.
Yet we question that peace might waver,
that we can’t make room for many more.
So strange and fragile these birds
without wings.
No way to sever what’s seen from the unseen.
Poet's Note
As someone who has lived in the same city almost her whole life, it’s
exhilarating to still discover new things about my home, especially one that
carries the expectation of simultaneous transience and gridlock. I was on my
regular Saturday afternoon run to the Lincoln Memorial when, on a whim, I
decided to go the extra mile down to the mall, knowing the effort of zig-zagging
between the crowds would be a workout in and of itself. And then, there it was.
Completely unexpected and yet intuitively where it belonged. Hundreds of kites,
which from a distance appeared as birds caught mid-flight, a wreath around the
Washington monument. When I tried to say how it took my breath away, my friends
told me to write about it. So this is what I’m writing towards—harmony, literal
and figurative, can feel so natural in the moment that it makes us wonder why we
ever thought we couldn’t get along in the first place. We can surprise each
other. We can surprise ourselves. And once we see what distant beauty is
possible when many of us hold on to a tenuous string we can’t see the end of,
then we have a responsibility to guard it. And a responsibility to usher it
back. E pluribus unum.
Washington, D.C., 2019
We have made the wrong mistakes.
I run into a landscape of kites held by hundreds
of invisible hands. From a distance, their flight
makes no sound and what’s meant to move
keeps still, carries words from me.
The crowd finds space for one another,
eyes pinned to the sky, empty no longer.
Against the obelisk, time appears to hover.
Nothing stands for itself alone.
Yet we question that peace might waver,
that we can’t make room for many more.
So strange and fragile these birds
without wings.
No way to sever what’s seen from the unseen.
Poet's Note
As someone who has lived in the same city almost her whole life, it’s
exhilarating to still discover new things about my home, especially one that
carries the expectation of simultaneous transience and gridlock. I was on my
regular Saturday afternoon run to the Lincoln Memorial when, on a whim, I
decided to go the extra mile down to the mall, knowing the effort of zig-zagging
between the crowds would be a workout in and of itself. And then, there it was.
Completely unexpected and yet intuitively where it belonged. Hundreds of kites,
which from a distance appeared as birds caught mid-flight, a wreath around the
Washington monument. When I tried to say how it took my breath away, my friends
told me to write about it. So this is what I’m writing towards—harmony, literal
and figurative, can feel so natural in the moment that it makes us wonder why we
ever thought we couldn’t get along in the first place. We can surprise each
other. We can surprise ourselves. And once we see what distant beauty is
possible when many of us hold on to a tenuous string we can’t see the end of,
then we have a responsibility to guard it. And a responsibility to usher it
back. E pluribus unum.Lisa Muloma | The Plain | Poetry
The spring the coronavirus hit I would sit
Next to my window with a cup of green tea
Trying to be mindful, self-consciously watching the first
Leaves on the six saplings outside of my window
Expanding and multiplying by the day
As the morning sun leapt over the horizon,
Lighting up the field like a fluorescent bulb.
When the world began to summarily end,
Classes and exams cancelled, the mass migration away from campus,
Any “unnecessary gatherings of any size” stopped by the governor,
A mandatory six-foot perimeter around every person,
Public hugging punishable by misdemeanor
A friend walking home in a group reported hearing
A voice crying out in the darkness,
Issuing from a head poked out of a window somewhere,
“How dare you hang out with one another at a time like this?”
Email chains and petitions multiplying —
“What do we do if we see a flagrant violation
Of the Order? Should we call the police?”
My first instinct was to lean into it,
To call it all Sabbath, to think it romantic
Sort of. Buying and selling ceased, political prisoners
Released to abate the spread, rent cancelled
Deluge of planning emails stilled,
Nothing to miss out on, everyone
Home. I looked forward to the silence, figured the writer lying dormant
Inside of me would rise up. Imagined sitting
Next to my window with a cup of green tea
Being mindful, personally observing the onset
Of Spring, recording it for everybody.
But then I spoke to a friend who occupies the hippie
Circles in Brooklyn — the bashfully affluent yoga girls
Mining the world for meaning — and discovered that they too
Were leaning in, diving headlong into the divine
White light of quarantine, naming the Universe
The real orchestrator of this worldwide moment
Of silence, this inevitable Om.
And so I didn’t want to be associated with that,
Maybe initially for aesthetic reasons,
But then Sarah’s grandfather died alone
In a hospital bed in New York City.
They called him on the phone to say good-bye,
Then waited a full day in their Wisconsin living room
In their pajamas before the attending
Nurse called to announce that he was gone.
Funerals were not allowed,
So.
So I sought a middle ground,
Started using the word “tension”
When people would ask how I was doing.
“I’m ok,” I would say. “Just navigating the tension
Between the justifiable fear and panic of the moment,
And what in me is perversely glad for the rest.”
I would use the word “privilege,” too.
My parents are relatively young and healthy.
My grandparents are in small towns in Kenya.
They will live, I think, and anyway,
I may not have a well-calibrated fear of death.
I grew up in an Evangelical tradition that spoke often of tribulation,
Rapture, the end of days.
In fifth grade, I was the third-ranked Bible-quizzer in the nation.
“Question Number 1: What are the signs —”
BZZZZZ.
“Interruption. Green two.”
“— Of the end of the age? Increase in knowledge, increase in evil, wars, rumors
of war, earthquakes,
famine, pestilence…”
I don’t remember the rest.
/ / / /
I landed in San Francisco during the apocalypse.
As the plane descended, a startled silence
Filled the vestibule as we looked out of our windows
And there, an opaque, milky orange.
As in Santa Cruz and San Jose and Mendocino,
Fires raged and smoke rose to scatter out all blue light.
I had the distinct experience of living
Within one of the more heavy-handed Instagram filters.
In response, I did what we now do
When brought to our knees in wonder —
I took out my phone and snapped a picture of the sky
And waited for the reactions of my online audience to trickle in.
/ / / /
I have sat alone in my room far more often than is usual for me,
And I worry especially for those unable
To carve a solitude out of the quiet,
Who feel no monk-ish dignity in social distancing,
Only the feeling of slowly being devoured.
I have a friend who, very prosaically,
Without pomp and circumstance and sad songs,
Simply would like to die.
He doesn’t really see the point
Of existing like this.
But he won’t because he worries it would upset his mother.
/ / / /
I don’t mean to harp, but
I think it important to say that I believe in God
In a very specific, incarnate, quotidian way.
No one ever really talks about that anymore.
It’s nice, knowing God.
It lowers the stakes,
Knowing that I am Love’s beloved,
Convinced that highest Reality
Looks upon me with kindness in Her eyes.
That what is unknowable is so because it’s too good to be understood.
/ / / /
There is something narratively coherent
About the badness of 2020.
Why shouldn’t cities burn and hurricanes gall
And diseases ravage and leaders lie
And why shouldn’t they kneel on our necks
And shoot us while we sleep
And all of it in this coordinated crescendo —
/ / / /
I was reading a poem by Wendell Berry
As one does in order feel slightly more dignified
And in it (can you believe he’s still alive?
You know those men so wise
You assume they must be dead?)
In it, he speaks of silence and solitude
In the way he tends to do,
As if the quiet were a friend,
A necessary prerequisite for everything else.
You know.
I was telling a friend about this poem yesterday,
Sort of speaking in wistful tones,
Gently urging him to contemplate the masterpiece
That would soon emerge from my newly quieted mind.
I had recently done a digital detox.
I was elemental, buzzing.
He told me about a tweet he’d seen, something about how
All of these would-be writers are finally realizing
They needed more than silence and solitude
To produce something great.
I am at my window still, cold green tea now,
I survived the summer in this way.
/ / / /
I avoid conflict — both the good kind,
Which when resolved,
leads to connection and romance and self-knowledge,
And the bad kind, which when resolved
Leads to heartbreak and bewilderment and self-knowledge.
Left to my own devices,
I’ll build a home in the sham peace
Of the in between.
/ / / /
Amen then
And hallelujah too
And peace to us all in this place.
Poet's Note
Field Notes From the In-Between” is literally that — a stylized and cobbled
together collection of field notes excerpted from my personal journal —
beginning somewhere around late March, when the Coronavirus pandemic descended
upon the US in force. I wrote for myself, inspired by a letter George Saunders
wrote to his MFA students, urging them to take their own field notes seriously.
He wrote, “Fifty years from now, people the age you are now won’t believe this
ever happened (or will do the sort of eye roll we all do when someone tells us
something about some crazy thing that happened in 1970.) What will convince that
future kid is what you are able to write about this, and what you’re able to
write about it will depend on how much sharp attention you are paying now, and
what records you keep.” And just like that, my journaling began to seem more
than just my own codified angst. It was still certainly angst, but angsty
artifact. These notes dwell on my friendships, my worries, my moments, my God. I
hope that in them a reader finds a few moments of recognition, a few reasons to
carry on as we do.
Editor's Note
In print, this piece was accompanied by the visual piece padmasana (attempt)
[https://thedial.us/padmasana-attempt] by Vibhu Krishna.The spring the coronavirus hit I would sit
Next to my window with a cup of green tea
Trying to be mindful, self-consciously watching the first
Leaves on the six saplings outside of my window
Expanding and multiplying by the day
As the morning sun leapt over the horizon,
Lighting up the field like a fluorescent bulb.
When the world began to summarily end,
Classes and exams cancelled, the mass migration away from campus,
Any “unnecessary gatherings of any size” stopped by the governor,
A mandatory six-foot perimeter around every person,
Public hugging punishable by misdemeanor
A friend walking home in a group reported hearing
A voice crying out in the darkness,
Issuing from a head poked out of a window somewhere,
“How dare you hang out with one another at a time like this?”
Email chains and petitions multiplying —
“What do we do if we see a flagrant violation
Of the Order? Should we call the police?”
My first instinct was to lean into it,
To call it all Sabbath, to think it romantic
Sort of. Buying and selling ceased, political prisoners
Released to abate the spread, rent cancelled
Deluge of planning emails stilled,
Nothing to miss out on, everyone
Home. I looked forward to the silence, figured the writer lying dormant
Inside of me would rise up. Imagined sitting
Next to my window with a cup of green tea
Being mindful, personally observing the onset
Of Spring, recording it for everybody.
But then I spoke to a friend who occupies the hippie
Circles in Brooklyn — the bashfully affluent yoga girls
Mining the world for meaning — and discovered that they too
Were leaning in, diving headlong into the divine
White light of quarantine, naming the Universe
The real orchestrator of this worldwide moment
Of silence, this inevitable Om.
And so I didn’t want to be associated with that,
Maybe initially for aesthetic reasons,
But then Sarah’s grandfather died alone
In a hospital bed in New York City.
They called him on the phone to say good-bye,
Then waited a full day in their David Sanchez | The Necessary
As the plane touches down, the tires give off a screeching sound, the force of
the braking sends loose items rolling, and the pilot welcomes the crowd to its
destination. Most passengers feel a sense of excitement, relief, and maybe some
lingering nausea. I always feel a bit of melancholy that the flight has come to
an end. It means we’re back to Earth, where time resumes its steady march and
the to-do list war reboots. If I’m lucky, this is just a layover. Then it’s back
up to thirty thousand feet.
The sky is a place, I've found, where I can do the type of deep thinking that
the daily grind doesn’t allow. It’s where I go to reason through important
decisions, consider radical solutions to messy problems, and reflect on life’s
biggest questions. I made the call to move across the country for a new job in
seat 5F on my way to San Francisco. I wrote my marriage vows in the exit row on
a bumpy flight to Chicago. I considered moving back to Wisconsin to run for
mayor of my hometown in a middle seat en route to the Dominican Republic. I find
clarity in the clouds.
A few years ago, while working in a sales role that involved visiting clients
around the country, I had a rare opportunity to seriously up my travel game. A
friend who worked for a major airline made me his “registered companion,” which
basically meant I could fly for free. I would show up to an airport, wait until
a flight was undersold or a passenger missed a connection, and take the empty
seat. All in all, I took 173 flights that year. San Francisco to New York.
Hartford to Dallas. Los Angeles to Seattle and a myriad of other combinations.
By my own calculation I spent a full month in the sky. Some of these trips were
for work, others for fun, and a few were completely spontaneous: I’d pack a bag,
go to the airport, and end up somewhere in the western hemisphere. A couple
times I even got first class, though more often I found myself stranded and
sleeping in the airport. But usually, I just appeared to be another
passenger—annoyed by a delay, thrilled by a Biscoff cookie, and ready to get in
the air.
Anyone who flies often knows to pack only the necessities: noise-cancelling
headphones, a journal with two pens, a reusable water bottle, and a backup pair
of socks, because there’s really nothing worse than cold feet on a long flight.
The boarding process offers a great opportunity to settle in. After the first
twenty times listening to the safety video, I learned to start a playlist before
I even reached my seat. Then there’s this awkward period when the plane is
taxiing before take-off—you’re not allowed to use any electronics, it’s too
early to break out the snacks, and you get interrupted by announcements while
scrolling through the movie options. That’s the time I prep myself for the
opportunity right around the corner.
It’s difficult to force yourself into deep thinking. If it were easy to switch
from the automatic, unconscious animal brain to the slow, contemplative,
rational self, then most therapists would be out of a job. In my own experience,
the most valuable role a therapist plays is that of Question Master. They erect
parameters to focus your thinking, which allows you the freedom to explore.
Creative thinking works much the same way. If I gave you thirty seconds to come
up with an invention, you might find it difficult because the options are
endless. If, instead, I asked you to invent a way to help a working parent keep
track of his child’s homework assignments, you would probably start spitballing
rough ideas right away: refrigerator magnets, backpack reminders, lunchbox
calendar, the list goes on.
Deep thinking, like deliberate creativity, is triggered through conscious
questions. When other passengers are learning how to buckle a seatbelt for the
nth time, I’m asking myself what brought me joy yesterday? What worries me about
the future? What would I do as president for a day? Who should represent us if
aliens were to visit? These questions aren’t meant to be answered, although
obviously we would send Tom Hanks to greet the aliens. Instead, they serve to
lower me from my high horse of productivity, and to transition me into a space
suspended in time where I can finally just think.
Journaling is a great way to draw out those deep inner thoughts that are
difficult to communicate in everyday conversation. To keep up with a normal pace
of speech, we tend to rely on the same tired language to express the simplest
version of new ideas. Writing longhand in a notebook designated for that purpose
allows you to stop mid-sentence to craft the best possible description of your
thought. I like to think of those “aha” moments like a butterfly that lands just
long enough to register in the mind, but departs before it can be inspected.
Journaling lures the thought closer, just long enough to capture a mental
snapshot on the page. Over years, I’ve filled notebooks with all sorts of
things: daily goings-on, letters to my younger self, bucket lists, movie ideas,
and business plans. I had found my mind palace, set up parameters for deep
thinking, and developed techniques to capture the occasional shooting star.
Then came COVID-19.
The pandemic has drastically reduced flying in the United States. On April 14th
of this year, air passenger traffic reached a record low of 87,534 travelers,
compared to more than 2.2 million travelers on the same date in 2019—a 96%
decrease. While daily TSA passenger screening numbers have rebounded slightly
since then, they still hover around 35% of their pre-COVID levels. For those of
us who still have to fly, it’s no longer the escape-in-the-sky I found it to be.
Being surrounded by strangers, which once gave me a feeling of anonymity that
sparked creativity, now puts me on edge. The food and beverage service is no
more, unless you count pretzels in a bag in another bag. And you suddenly become
aware of how many surfaces there are on the inside of a plane.
Without flying in my life, I have been searching to replicate the time and space
for serious reflection that long flights had wedged into a busy calendar. I’ve
tried long morning walks, daily meditation, and stargazing. Once, I sat in the
back seat of my parked car for an hour with no phone before a neighbor knocked
on the window to see if I was locked in. Others are turning to rural Airbnbs,
which have experienced 25% growth this summer, or are becoming first-time boat
owners to escape the lockdowns. None of these come close to producing the same
sense of controlled freedom I felt sitting on a lightly padded aluminum frame
with thirty inches of legroom. How do you replicate an uninterrupted four-hour
block of time when an entire world of distractions surrounds you?
I wish I could leave you with a happy ending and tell you how I’ve found the
perfect replacement for my deep thinking practice. But the search continues. The
pandemic caused major disruptions across every aspect of life: from work to
travel to time with family in between. On the other hand, it has provided
newfound opportunities to focus on what’s in front of us: working from home
means spending more time with loved ones. Less time stuck in the classroom or
the office means more time outdoors. And less frequent flying means that I have
countless hours back in my schedule. While the pandemic has unsettled old
habits, I’m using this structured, suspended time—“in transit,” so to speak—to
think deeply about what might come next. As the plane touches down, the tires give off a screeching sound, the force of
the braking sends loose items rolling, and the pilot welcomes the crowd to its
destination. Most passengers feel a sense of excitement, relief, and maybe some
lingering nausea. I always feel a bit of melancholy that the flight has come to
an end. It means we’re back to Earth, where time resumes its steady march and
the to-do list war reboots. If I’m lucky, this is just a layover. Then it’s back
up to thirty thousand feet.
The sky is a place, I've found, where I can do the type of deep thinking that
the daily grind doesn’t allow. It’s where I go to reason through important
decisions, consider radical solutions to messy problems, and reflect on life’s
biggest questions. I made the call to move across the country for a new job in
seat 5F on my way to San Francisco. I wrote my marriage vows in the exit row on
a bumpy flight to Chicago. I considered moving back to Wisconsin to run for
mayor of my hometown in a middle seat en route to the Dominican Republic. I find
clarity in the clouds.
A few years ago, while working in a sales role that involved visiting clients
around the country, I had a rare opportunity to seriously up my travel game. A
friend who worked for a major airline made me his “registered companion,” which
basically meant I could fly for free. I would show up to an airport, wait until
a flight was undersold or a passenger missed a connection, and take the empty
seat. All in all, I took 173 flights that year. San Francisco to New York.
Hartford to Dallas. Los Angeles to Seattle and a myriad of other combinations.
By my own calculation I spent a full month in the sky. Some of these trips were
for work, others for fun, and a few were completely spontaneous: I’d pack a bag,
go to the airport, and end up somewhere in the western hemisphere. A couple
times I even got first class, though more often I found myself stranded and
sleeping in the airport. But usually, I just appeared to Reverend Grace Han | The Human
Iam a Christian pastor in the United Methodist denomination. One of the
privileges of that vocation is walking with people through the deepest valleys
and the highest mountains of their lives. Over fifteen years of ministry, I have
learned that between these two points our faith is fully realized.
After graduating from seminary, I participated in Clinical Pastoral Education
(CPE). CPE is a training program to teach pastoral care to clergy, chaplains,
and other religious professionals in hospital settings. It has become mandatory
training for many Christian denominations because of its unique approach to
pastoral care. It emphasizes that the role of clergy in a pastoral care
situation isn’t about providing solutions; rather, it is about being present
with people in the midst of crisis by simply listening and witnessing.
In theological language, CPE trades a ministry of doing for a ministry of being.
Reframing pastoral care, this “ministry of presence” taps the healing power of
shared physical presence. The idea was explored by Brother Lawrence of the
Resurrection in The Practice of the Presence of God, and expanded by theologians
and writers like Henri Nouwen, Parker Palmer, and Richard Rohr. A ministry of
presence is not a uniquely Christian concept. Jewish Philosopher Martin Buber
wrote in 1937 in his seminal book I and Thou that the Hebrew name for God,
“Yahweh,” was best translated as “I am present.” When we are present with each
other, God is present; a ministry of presence is the ministry of God.
In hospital settings, a ministry of presence means attending some of the most
horrific, tragic, and difficult moments in life: from the sudden death of a
parent to the slow-progressing illness of a spouse, or an accident that
paralyzes a child. It is a deeply anxious and indeterminate space.
In such liminal zones, we have left one period (sometimes by choice, though
often not) but have not yet entered the next. These spaces are filled with
uncertainty and may be spurred by crises. We tend to avoid them. In the face of
crisis, we may wish to bury our head in the sand and pretend it isn’t happening.
Through CPE, I learned to actively resist my urge to flee when I was
uncomfortable, and instead to show genuine compassion—meaning literally to
“suffer with” someone—without rushing to fix the problem. This skill was far
from natural; it required development and practice.
The first time I worked overnight as a CPE resident, I was called to the
emergency department. A nineteen-year-old man was in emergency surgery after a
catastrophic car accident. His parents had just arrived. My task was to support
them. When I met them in the waiting room, they bombarded me with questions I
couldn’t answer. They were frantic. Their lives had been turned upside-down in a
matter of moments. Life feels like a guarantee until, suddenly, it isn’t.
I first responded by trying to make things better. I quickly read a half-dozen
scripture verses while their eyes glazed over. Every fifteen minutes I asked if
there was anything they needed. Over the course of an hour, I brought them ten
cups of water and all the snacks I could find in the hospital. I did everything
I could to stay active and avoid putting myself in their terrifying reality. I
was afraid. Their situation was depressing.
After a few hours of rushing around, when I couldn’t avoid it anymore, I sat
next to the couple. We said little in the half-hour that followed. At one point,
after time had already become a blur, the doctor came out to deliver
unimaginable news: their son had died on the operating table.
When the couple finally left the hospital, his mother took my hand. “Thank you
for sitting with us,” she said.
For all the daze and confusion of crisis, memories of loss stay with us in
surprising detail. Living through loss has profound potential to change the way
we live, whether or not the loss is ours. That night, I understood the power of
being present in liminal spaces. The power of attention to raw wounds. The power
of a held hand and held words.
While liminal spaces may be distressing, they open a space for faith and hope.
On that night years ago, it was prayer in a liminal space that brought peace for
the moment. Other times, liminal spaces hold opportunities to witness miracles,
to discover pathways and healing. Gradually, I have learned to trust leaning
into them. Trusting that instinct does get better with time, even if the
challenges of the space do not. Similarly, over time I have come to trust the
possibility of hope and healing to intermingle with pain and suffering. This is
the ultimate paradox of faith: that there can be light amidst darkness and life
where there is death.
In the Christian tradition, the expanse between suffering and hope shows up time
and time again: in Scripture, in our application of it, and in our celebration
of it. For forty years, the Israelites wandered in the desert. For twenty five
years, Sarah waited for a child. For one hundred and twenty years, Noah labored
building the arc. Only in Chapter 38 of the 42 chapters in the Book of Job does
God finally break His silence and answer Job in his suffering. Perhaps most
prominently, every year on Easter, Christians around the world celebrate the
resurrection of Jesus Christ. On Easter, Christians also remember that the only
way to Resurrection Sunday is through the suffering of Good Friday and the
silence of Holy Saturday. Good Friday—when Christ was crucified—symbolizes the
pain, brokenness, and humiliation ever-present in our world. Holy Saturday—when
Christ’s body lay dead in the grave—represents the test of our faith when God
feels distant. Then comes Sunday—the day of resurrection—when we learn that
death is not the end of the story, and that life has the last word. In the words
of Frederick Buechner, an American novelist and preacher:
> "The worst isn't the last thing about the world. It's the next to the last
thing. The last thing is the best. It's the power from on high that comes down
into the world, that wells up from the rock-bottom worst of the world like a
hidden spring. Can you believe it? The last, best thing is the laughing deep in
the hearts of the saints, sometimes our hearts even. Yes. You are terribly loved
and forgiven. Yes. You are healed. All is well."
Even the deepest pain can be redeemed. If we view liminal spaces as sacred
spaces where suffering and hope can coexist, and where death and life may meet,
we may at last discover that they can lend us faith as well. Iam a Christian pastor in the United Methodist denomination. One of the
privileges of that vocation is walking with people through the deepest valleys
and the highest mountains of their lives. Over fifteen years of ministry, I have
learned that between these two points our faith is fully realized.
After graduating from seminary, I participated in Clinical Pastoral Education
(CPE). CPE is a training program to teach pastoral care to clergy, chaplains,
and other religious professionals in hospital settings. It has become mandatory
training for many Christian denominations because of its unique approach to
pastoral care. It emphasizes that the role of clergy in a pastoral care
situation isn’t about providing solutions; rather, it is about being present
with people in the midst of crisis by simply listening and witnessing.
In theological language, CPE trades a ministry of doing for a ministry of being.
Reframing pastoral care, this “ministry of presence” taps the healing power of
shared physical presence. The idea was explored by Brother Lawrence of the
Resurrection in The Practice of the Presence of God, and expanded by theologians
and writers like Henri Nouwen, Parker Palmer, and Richard Rohr. A ministry of
presence is not a uniquely Christian concept. Jewish Philosopher Martin Buber
wrote in 1937 in his seminal book I and Thou that the Hebrew name for God,
“Yahweh,” was best translated as “I am present.” When we are present with each
other, God is present; a ministry of presence is the ministry of God.
In hospital settings, a ministry of presence means attending some of the most
horrific, tragic, and difficult moments in life: from the sudden death of a
parent to the slow-progressing illness of a spouse, or an accident that
paralyzes a child. It is a deeply anxious and indeterminate space.
In such liminal zones, we have left one period (sometimes by choice, though
often not) but have not yet entered the next. These spaces are filled with
uncertainty and may be sAriel Helms Thames | The True
As a scientist, it has been amazing to watch the release of paper after paper
offering more information about the coronavirus and how to fight it. In just the
last year, 198 vaccine candidates, 2,388 clinical trials, and 120,000
peer-reviewed publications emerged in response to COVID-19. To give you an idea
of the rapidity with which research is progressing, the entire genome of the
virus causing COVID-19 was sequenced within the first two months of the virus
being identified. In comparison, the Human Genome Project was a thirteen-year
study.
By finding the virus’s genetic code, scientists have revealed all the viral
machinery that they could target in order to disrupt the virus’s function.
Within a month of mapping its genetic code, scientists had uncovered the 3D
structure of the physical component of the virus that enables it to invade human
cells. Solving this structure equipped scientists with a perfectly detailed
picture of what would become the target for a large proportion of future
therapeutics.
After this, the research field exploded with new advances: massive studies were
(and continue to be) carried out to rapidly screen, in a single experiment, huge
numbers of possible drug candidates for the virus. Super high throughput methods
were used to quickly characterize recovered patients’ antibodies to find one
that could be repurposed as a virus-neutralizing drug. Tons of vaccine platforms
were quickly redesigned for COVID-19. Innovative diagnostic platforms were
reworked within a matter of weeks to detect the virus.
From the vantage point of the general public, these proceedings may have felt
hasty, especially as the media warped scientific findings with catchy titles or
misconstrued descriptions. But from the vantage point of a scientist, it is
astonishing to behold. As someone with knowledge of the data beyond the titles,
I have watched these technologies unfold over time. In fact, most of the
advancements of the COVID-19 pandemic were years, even decades, in the making.
Consider antibody drugs. Within mere months of the identification of COVID-19,
there are already at least eight antibody drug candidates proceeding to clinical
trials. And yet, the tools that enable this date back to 1975. Before then,
scientists had to discover what an antibody was in the first place, figure out
its function, determine how it was made, and then create ways to detect and
measure it. It was only a Nobel prize-winning discovery in 1975 that gave us the
technological ability to produce specific antibodies that bind to a desired
target in vitro. Even then, it took another decade for the first antibody drug
to enter the market. Since then, countless techniques have been developed to
produce antibody drugs more quickly, with better binding to its desired target,
and more effective function in the body.
Behind the scientific community’s incredibly rapid response to the pandemic is
the accumulation of decades of meticulous, collaborative work. Contained in the
apparently dizzying pace of scientific advance today is the collection of so
many individual moments of inspiration, hours of torturous thought, weeks of
grueling experiments to yield a single ounce of insight, and years of effort to
develop the scientific tools necessary for each subsequent advance. It is only
the combined effort and achievements of countless scientists over the years that
has prepared the scientific community as a whole to be this impressively
responsive in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The importance of that work seems so clear to us now, but the truly important
advancements came with no one there to applaud the incremental steps. Certainly,
those scientists working throughout the years had some inkling of an idea that
their work could impact humanity; still, there must also have been times when
they felt like they were going nowhere. In the heat of any scientific pursuit,
it can be difficult to see the progress being made.
I think of AstraZeneca's ChadOx1 vaccine as an example of this reality. It is
one of the leading COVID-19 vaccine candidates and the one with the oldest
characterization and closest match to the hypothesized optimal immune response.
The design of this particular vaccine was studied for protection against MERS
coronavirus, Ebola virus, Chikungunya virus, and tuberculosis. It has been
extensively studied in animals, from mice all the way up to non-human primates,
which is the next-best thing to actual human trials. This design has also been
thoroughly characterized for the type of immune response it generates. Just like
there are different branches in the military that specialize in different
tactics, there are different branches in the immune system that defend better
against some pathogens than others. This is especially true for COVID-19; the
type of tactics used by the immune system to clear the virus can be the
difference between recovery and death.
By virtue of their prior research, scientists had already determined before the
COVID-19 pandemic which branches of the immune system were activated by the
ChadOx1 vaccine, and how strong those immune responses were. They spent years
slowly advancing this vaccine design long before anyone had ever heard of
COVID-19. Without such foundational understanding, the record speed of vaccines
progressing through clinical trials would have been impossible. In the middle of
their research, however, scientists couldn't fully know how their advancements
would matter in this unanticipated pandemic.
In biomedical science, dramatic progress is made in liminal space. That progress
comes from graduate students pipetting clear liquids for hours. It comes from
lab assistants rising daily at six in the morning to check the saturation levels
on a soil sample. It comes from young researchers pouring through spreadsheet
after spreadsheet of data as the coffee pot brews in the corner. Just like the
key developments for the ChadOx1 vaccine came prior to its use during the
COVID-19 pandemic, breakthroughs aren’t completely recognized until the work
crosses over the threshold of discovery. And in this sense, biomedical science
is like life.
When, hopefully soon, we enter a post-COVID period, we will find ourselves in a
transitional space navigating towards a new normal. Biomedical science reminds
us that, though that space can be discouraging, it is also powerful. There will
be times when growth is made but not felt. In those times, we should take heart
in knowing that the full extent of our advancement can only be realized once we
are able to look back and recognize the strides that we’ve made. Then, we will
see that what we’ve accomplished during this time was truly profound. As a scientist, it has been amazing to watch the release of paper after paper
offering more information about the coronavirus and how to fight it. In just the
last year, 198 vaccine candidates, 2,388 clinical trials, and 120,000
peer-reviewed publications emerged in response to COVID-19. To give you an idea
of the rapidity with which research is progressing, the entire genome of the
virus causing COVID-19 was sequenced within the first two months of the virus
being identified. In comparison, the Human Genome Project was a thirteen-year
study.
By finding the virus’s genetic code, scientists have revealed all the viral
machinery that they could target in order to disrupt the virus’s function.
Within a month of mapping its genetic code, scientists had uncovered the 3D
structure of the physical component of the virus that enables it to invade human
cells. Solving this structure equipped scientists with a perfectly detailed
picture of what would become the target for a large proportion of future
therapeutics.
After this, the research field exploded with new advances: massive studies were
(and continue to be) carried out to rapidly screen, in a single experiment, huge
numbers of possible drug candidates for the virus. Super high throughput methods
were used to quickly characterize recovered patients’ antibodies to find one
that could be repurposed as a virus-neutralizing drug. Tons of vaccine platforms
were quickly redesigned for COVID-19. Innovative diagnostic platforms were
reworked within a matter of weeks to detect the virus.
From the vantage point of the general public, these proceedings may have felt
hasty, especially as the media warped scientific findings with catchy titles or
misconstrued descriptions. But from the vantage point of a scientist, it is
astonishing to behold. As someone with knowledge of the data beyond the titles,
I have watched these technologies unfold over time. In fact, most of the
advancements of the COVID-19 pandemic were years, even decaMark Murphy | The Human | Essay
My name is Mark. I’m a middle-aged, middle-class father who’s been married for
twenty-five years. We rescued a dog and a cat from the humane society that now
live with us in our Cincinnati suburban home. What I’m trying to say is that I’m
just your average guy, a typical sight in average America. Covid hit me like it
did everyone else: business changed, pockets tightened, fears grew, habits
adjusted, and bankruptcy felt imminent until it didn’t. March, April, and May
were hard months for us. But then came June. June fifth, to be exact. On that
day, our family wasn’t lucky to call ourselves like everyone else.
My wife and I hadn’t heard from our daughter for a worrying period of time that
quickly pushed our emotions from normal to nervous. We eventually tracked down
that she was staying at a nearby hotel with friends, but by the time we found
out it was too late. In the hours that followed, time somehow stopped and sped
up simultaneously. There in the hotel parking lot, with the coroner and flashing
blue-red lights, my wife and I tried to process the news a parent prays never to
hear. People came and went: some speaking to us, some just watching the scene
unfold.
I’m not a writer. Until this piece, my daughter’s obituary was the hardest thing
I’ve ever written. Her eulogy was a story about how her life changed others;
this story, however, is about how her life changed mine.
What matters for you to know about that day is that Elizabeth was at the wrong
place at the wrong time with the wrong friends. She died from an accidental drug
overdose at just twenty-one years old. The CDC reported more than 67,300 deaths
by overdose in 2018. There are always names behind those numbers, something I
intellectually knew before but couldn’t fully appreciate until disaster struck
us personally. Behind the names, of course, there are families crushed and left
behind.
I thought I knew pain, but nothing wrung me more than losing my Lizzie. Doctors
sometimes tell you to describe your pain levels. This was easily a level ten. I
also thought I knew how to empathize, but I now realize the sheer depths of
human compassion. To paint the circumstances differently or play down the
intensity of grief is an insincere telling of reality. To dwell on one’s
suffering, however, doesn’t give way to hope. Similarly, the words “cheer” and
“sorrow” held different meaning before. Cheer was something for sporting events,
and sorrow was basically just a word. Perhaps a small part of me even believed
that “real men” didn’t feel deep, gut-wrenching emotions like sorrow.
Loss has surprising potential to bring people closer. From Biblical stories to
the stories of others’, time and time again we see that there are moments when
we must lose in order to find. In my case, Lizzie’s death opened up entire
communities of individuals who invited me in to heal and journey together on
what David Brooks calls “the second mountain.” These people found each other
because they all lost someone they loved. They found hope through suffering.
These people were once strangers but are now my friends, creating a strange kind
of beauty out of the worst-possible circumstances. On the days when I feel like
there’s an 800-pound weight on my chest, I have found that the effort of
reaching out does indeed lighten the burden.
In addition to finding community with others I’ve also grown closer to nature. I
sit outside more. It helps me reflect. I’m more comfortable with silence.
There’s something about being in the presence of weathered life that helps me
weather my own storms. Ralph Waldo Emerson—who also lost a child—once wrote that
“the world is emblematic,” that “nature always wears the colors of the spirit.”
Whatever inspiration Emerson found outdoors, he found it in the shadow of loss.
It’s a human instinct to search for life after loss. Whether the grieving heart
finds inspiration in the nature of community or in community with nature, there
is life after loss. I doubt (and honestly don’t desire) my legacy to be anything
like Emerson’s, though I am writing and spending more time in nature these days.
In all of it, from the distant stars to my own backyard, Lizzie is there.
In this season, I’ve come to resist the phrase I hear often from well-meaning
individuals to “just keep moving forward.” Instead, I try to “just keep moving.”
To me, moving forward suggests movement away from something behind you. In other
words, putting distance between you and the past. It also seems to imply that if
you’re not moving forward then you’re moving backward. But Lizzie is neither
“behind” me nor is she distant. She is with me, around me and ahead of me, every
day and all the time. Anybody who has ever known grief knows that healing is
hardly a straight line. There are peaks and valleys. While the climb is slower
and more challenging this time, that's something I accept and embrace.
I look at what I’m going through as somewhat analogous to when I used to be a
professional glass artist. You start with a piece of hot, molten glass. It’s a
formless blob, unshaped. Then, with more gathers of glass, more time, more
skill, more pressure, even more heat, something beautiful begins taking shape.
Something still fragile, but something gradually stronger.
As the Scriptures say, joy “cometh in the morning.” Or, as Dr. Brené Brown puts
it, joy “comes to us in the ordinary moments.” Both are true, and I’m also
coming to appreciate my own ability to manufacture cheer. Grief sucks the energy
out of you, and it takes energy to choose hope. It’s an assertive, actionable
effort. But cheer, joy, and hope produce an energy unto themselves. I can’t
control longing for my daughter or the grief of missing her, but I can create
cheer.
Living in the space of my daughter’s absence, the little things aren’t so
little. Our habits, our choices—these are things that are small in the
here-and-now but are big in the grand scheme. Since Lizzie died, I do a random
act of kindness for someone every day. Negative thoughts can insidiously creep
in, but I choose to keep a positive attitude. I don’t drink, smoke, take drugs
or even medication to dull the pain or distract me from it. Pain awakens us,
sensitizes us, to honest emotions. I’ve met so many people who have developed
addictions after tragedy, and it’s a tragedy that they do. Again, it boils down
to the little things. My main goal these days is to live the life that Lizzie
would want to see me living. The values in what I like to call my “personal
constitution” drive everything I do. My wife and I pray more. We care deeper. We
let people in on our feelings. The Lizzie-sized hole in our hearts will never be
filled but we have hope. There are more and more days filled with love and
laughter. More and more days filled with fewer and fewer tears. Days that feel
almost normal. My name is Mark. I’m a middle-aged, middle-class father who’s been married for
twenty-five years. We rescued a dog and a cat from the humane society that now
live with us in our Cincinnati suburban home. What I’m trying to say is that I’m
just your average guy, a typical sight in average America. Covid hit me like it
did everyone else: business changed, pockets tightened, fears grew, habits
adjusted, and bankruptcy felt imminent until it didn’t. March, April, and May
were hard months for us. But then came June. June fifth, to be exact. On that
day, our family wasn’t lucky to call ourselves like everyone else.
My wife and I hadn’t heard from our daughter for a worrying period of time that
quickly pushed our emotions from normal to nervous. We eventually tracked down
that she was staying at a nearby hotel with friends, but by the time we found
out it was too late. In the hours that followed, time somehow stopped and sped
up simultaneously. There in the hotel parking lot, with the coroner and flashing
blue-red lights, my wife and I tried to process the news a parent prays never to
hear. People came and went: some speaking to us, some just watching the scene
unfold.
I’m not a writer. Until this piece, my daughter’s obituary was the hardest thing
I’ve ever written. Her eulogy was a story about how her life changed others;
this story, however, is about how her life changed mine.
What matters for you to know about that day is that Elizabeth was at the wrong
place at the wrong time with the wrong friends. She died from an accidental drug
overdose at just twenty-one years old. The CDC reported more than 67,300 deaths
by overdose in 2018. There are always names behind those numbers, something I
intellectually knew before but couldn’t fully appreciate until disaster struck
us personally. Behind the names, of course, there are families crushed and left
behind.
I thought I knew pain, but nothing wrung me more than losing my Lizzie. Doctors
sometimes tell you to describe you